Maƙwabtan OSPF ba sa samuwa a kan VPN? Duba waɗannan a jere
Dubawa biyar, kowanne da nasa alamar: samfurin mahaɗi, tacewar ka’idar 89, sigogin maƙwabci, yanayin kusanci, sannan abin da ake sanarwa da gaske.
Ramin yana aiki, muƙamai suna cikin ƙananan hanyar sadarwa ɗaya, amma OSPF har yanzu ba ya nuna komai. Yawancin lokaci ramin yana da kyau kuma buƙata ɗaya ta OSPF ba a cika ta ba. Yi duba biyar ɗin da ke ƙasa a jere kuma tsaya a farkon wanda ya kasa.
Kowace duba tana da nata alamar, shi ya sa jeri ya fi lissafi muhimmanci.
Duba 1: shin samfurin mahaɗi daidai ne
Muƙamin aya-zuwa-aya da hanyar sadarwa mai yawan shiga da aka raba yanayi ne daban-daban na OSPF. Kwafin tsarin LAN na watsa shirye-shirye a kan rami shine kuskuren da ya fi yawa a nan. Saita nau’in hanyar sadarwar da tsarin VPN ke goyon baya, yawanci aya-zuwa-aya don ramin da aka yi masa hanya. Sannan tabbatar da cewa dandamali ya amince, domin wasu tsare-tsare suna watsi da saitin ko suna rubuta shi.
Idan samfurin mahaɗi ba daidai ba ne, babu wani abu a gaba a lissafin da zai taimaka.
Duba 2: shin ana barin fakiti su wuce
OSPFv2 ka’idar IP ce ta 89, ba tashar TCP ko UDP ba, don haka dokar wuta da aka rubuta don tashoshi tana watsar da ita a shiru. Hello kuma suna zuwa adiresoshin multicast, waɗanda wata manufa ba za ta yarda da su ba. Yarda da ka’idar 89 tsakanin ƙarshen ramin, sannan duba ko dandamali yana buƙatar bayyanannun maganganun maƙwabci.
Ramin da ke wuce ping kawai matsalar manufa ce, ba ta hanya ba.
Duba 3: shin sigogin maƙwabci sun dace
ID na yanki, tazara hello da dead, tabbatarwa da tutocin stub duk dole su dace. Rashin daidaituwa yawanci yana barin maƙwabci a cikin yanayin da ake gani maimakon faɗuwa a shiru, wanda yake da amfani. Kwatanta tsarin da ke gudana a ƙarshen biyu, ba wanda aka nufa ba.
Rashin daidaituwar MTU shine mai hankali. Yana toshe musayar bayanai a ExStart, don haka maƙwabci bai taɓa kaiwa Full ba.
Duba 4: me yanayin ke faɗi
Yanayin yana ambaton gazawar. Init yana nufin hello suna zuwa amma ba a jera wannan na’ura a cikinsu ba, wanda ke nuni ga hanya ta gefe ɗaya ko matsalar multicast. Two-Way al’ada ce a sashin watsa shirye-shirye tare da maƙwabcin da ba DR ba kuma ba al’ada ba a mahaɗin aya-zuwa-aya. ExStart ko Exchange da ya tsaya yana nufin matsalar MTU ko bayanin bayanai. Loading yana nufin ba a amsa buƙatun yanayin mahaɗi ba.
Karanta yanayin kafin ka canza komai, domin yana kawar da yawancin lissafin.
show ip ospf neighbor yana buga yanayin, adireshin maƙwabci da mai ƙidayar lokacin dead. Kwatanta wannan mai ƙidayar da tazarar hello a ɓangarorin biyu: tazarar dead da ta ninka hello sau huɗu al’ada ce, duk wani abu kuma rashin daidaituwa ne. Rukunin yanayi shine mafi saurin karatu a duk shafin.
Duba 5: me ake sanarwa da gaske
Cikakkiyar kusanci ba hanya ba ce. Duba waɗanne hanyoyin sadarwa ake ƙirƙira, waɗanne ake koya da waɗanne ake sanyawa a teburin hanya. Rashin bayanin hanyar sadarwa ko manufar sake rarrabawa da ta keɓe prefix ɗin wurin yana samar da lafiyayyen maƙwabci da tebur mara komai.
Sannan gwada aikace-aikacen matakin mai masauki da hanyar dawowa, domin ka’idar hanya ba ta buɗe bangon wuta ba.
Ga IPv6, OSPFv3 yana da nasa buƙatun kuma ba makullin dangin adireshi ba ne a kowane saitin OSPFv2. Yi amfani da ka’idar da ta dace da takardun dandamali. Kuma idan haɗin mahaɗi ɗaya ne tsaye, kwatanta hanyoyin tsaye kafin ƙara matakin sarrafawa da za ka gudanar.