Kwafin ajiyar da ke rarrafe a kan VPN yana gayyatar gwajin bayyananne na cire ramin da sake aunawa. Wannan gwajin sau da yawa yana amsa wata tambaya dabam, domin aikin yana iya yin hash ɗin fayiloli ko jiran sake gwadawa maimakon motsa baiti. Ka raba matakan farko, korafi ya juya zuwa takamaiman gwaji da takamaiman sakamako da ake tsammani. Hanya tana zama ɗan takara ne kawai lokacin da matakin canja wuri ne ainihin wanda ke jinkiri.

Wane mataki aikin yake ciki sa'ad da yake jin jinkiri

Kayan aikin kwafin ajiya suna wucewa ta matakai: gano fayiloli, karanta su da yin hash ɗinsu, matsewa, ɓoyewa, lodawa, sannan tabbatarwa. Kowace mataki tana da nata cunkoson, kuma wasu kaɗan ne kawai suke taɓa hanyar sadarwa kwata-kwata. Kayan aikin da bai ba da rahoton wani mataki ba yana gaya maka cewa bai gama dubawa ba.

Aikin da ke kashe minti ashirin yana shirya fayiloli ƙanana miliyan ɗaya ba zai yi sauri ba sa'ad da ramin ya yi sauri. Aikin da ke cika hanyar hawan sama matsala ce ta ƙarfin da take da wata mafita dabam. Karanta fitarwar ci gaban yayin da jinkirin ke faruwa, lura da matakin kuma rubuta lokacin, domin matakin lokacin korafin shi kaɗai ne mai muhimmanci. Ƙananan fayiloli ma suna yin dabam da babban abu ɗaya, domin tafiye-tafiyen kowane fayil sun mamaye kuma canja wurin ba ya taɓa kai tsayayyen matsayi. Kwatanta iri ɗaya da iri ɗaya kafin yin shawara game da ramin.

Ƙarshen jama'a da NAS mai zaman kansa suna kasawa dabam

Sabis ɗin kwafin ajiya na jama'a yana ɗauke da nasa haɗin aikace-aikacen da aka tabbatar, kuma ramin mataki ɗaya ne a kan hanya mafi tsawo. NAS mai zaman kansa yawanci ya dogara da wannan ramin don isa ga cibiyar sadarwarka. Wannan bambancin ne ke yanke shawara ko cire haɗin layin tushe ne mai inganci ko gwajin komai.

A yanayin jama'a, aikin ɗaya a wata hanya zai iya zama kwatance mai adalci idan manufa ta yarda. A yanayin mai zaman kansa, cire ramin ba ya barin wata hanya zuwa uwar garken kwata-kwata, don haka sakamakon yana bayyana hanyar da ka goge ba wadda kake amfani da ita ba.

DestinationWhat the tunnel providesValid baseline
Public backup serviceOne hop among severalThe same job over another route
Private NASThe only path to the serverNone that removes the tunnel
Self-hosted gatewayPath plus split-DNS policyOnly if the policy is unchanged

Tsayawa wata kasawa ce dabam da jinkirin canja wuri

Rukuni na uku na wannan tebur ne ke yanke shawara ko za a iya gudanar da gwajin kwanciyar hankali kwata-kwata, domin layin tushen da ke cire ramin yana da ma'ana ne kawai inda wata hanya ta kasance. Da layin tushe mai amfani, duba siffar kasawar maimakon matsakaicin saurinta. Hawan sama maras ƙarfi amma tsayayye yana nuna ƙarfi, yayin da aikin da ke tsayawa ya sake farawa yana nuna katsewa, tabbatarwa ko fayil ɗaya mai wahala. Waɗannan biyun suna haifar da kusan irin ɗaya korafi da gyare-gyare mabambanta.

Sake gwadawa yana lalata kowace auna, domin baitin da ke kan waya na iya fiye da adadin da ya canza da gaske. Karanta halin ci gaba kafin ka sake katse aikin don ganin abin da zai faru, domin lodawa da aka raba mai iya ci gaba tana warkewa da arha, sake farawa da cikakken fayil kuma ba haka ba. Ramin da ke sake haɗawa kowane 'yan mintuna ma yana kama da matsalar faɗin bandeji sa'ad da ainihin matsalar kwanciyar hankali ce. MTU na hanya yana ƙara wannan, domin ramin da ke rage kayan amfani yana tsayar da manyan ɓangarori yayin da ƙananan ke wucewa.

journalctl -u wg-quick@wg0 -n 50 --no-pager
ss -tin dst :443
ping -M do -s 1400 -c 3 backup.example.com

Lodawa ɗaya na iya yin yunwa ga duk sauran kwararru

Lodawar da ke cika hanyar hawan sama tana sa kira da bincike ba su da amsa, kuma kwafin ajiya ba kasafai ne kaɗai abin da ke fafatawa a kansa ba. Wani abokin ciniki na daidaitawa na biyu yana haifar da irin wannan alama da kansa. Kafin ka zargi ramin, duba me kuma ke lodawa.

Yi amfani da jadawalin ko iyakar faɗin bandeji da kayan aikin ke rubutawa maimakon yin gwagwarmaya don kololuwar saurin wucewa; barin fili don aikin hulɗa yawanci ya fi daraja fiye da kashi na ƙarshe. Sa'an nan duba abin da iyakar ke shafi da gaske, domin wasu kayan aiki suna iyakance kowane fayil, wasu suna iyakance dukan gudu, wasu kuma suna watsi da kuɗin ƙananan fayiloli gaba ɗaya. Iyakar da ba ta dace da aikin ba ta canza kome. Rarraba rami ma ya cancanci zato a nan, domin cire mai ƙaddamarwa daga ramin ba ya cire sabis ɗin taimako da ke yin lodawa. Misali Rclone yana wallafa duka iyakokin canja wuri da halin sake gwadawa a cikin takardunsa, wanda ke sa ya zama abin nuni mai amfani ga abin da iyaka ya kamata ta sarrafa.

Kammala da maidowa, ba da gwajin sauri ba

Lodawa da aka kammala ba kwafin ajiya ba ne har sai an maido wani abu daga gare ta. Tabbatar da cewa sigar da ake tsammani tana nan, sannan ka maido wani fayil mai wakilci ta hanyar da kayan aikin ya rubuta. Ajiye bayanin maidowa a wani wuri dabam da na'urar ko bayanin da za ka iya rasa, kuma kada ka taɓa jefar da kwafin ajiyar da ke aiki don kawai a tsaftace gwaji.

restic snapshots --latest 3
restic restore latest --target /tmp/restore-check --include /etc/hosts

Maimaita duka canja wurin da maidowa bayan canjin hanyar sadarwa, domin a nuna ingantawar tana hidimar kwafin ajiya ba kawai motsa bayanai da sauri ba. Wannan gudu na biyu ne ke rufe tikitin. Canja wuri mafi sauri tare da maidowa da ba a gwada ba hanya ce mafi jinkiri ta zama ba tare da kariya ba.

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