AWS Client VPN ko Site-to-Site: duba wanda ke buɗe haɗin
Client VPN yana tabbatar da na'ura ko mai amfani; Site-to-Site yana haɗa ƙofar shiga da AWS. Bincike huɗu ne ke tabbatar da wanda kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ko reshenka yake buƙata.
Bincike huɗu ne ke yanke wannan hukunci, kuma babu ɗayansu da yake sunan ƙa'idar. Wanene ke buɗe haɗin, menene AWS ke tabbatarwa, ta yaya haɗin ke manne wa cibiyar sadarwarka, da wace hanya da manufa ke zuwa tare da shi. Amsa waɗannan bisa tsari kuma zaɓin kayan aiki yakan faru da kansa; amsa su bayan ka riga ka sayi zane kuma za ka kare wani rami da ke warware rabin matsalar da ba daidai ba. Babu ɗaya daga cikin huɗun da ke neman ka zaɓi sirri, shi ya sa zanen da ya fara da ƙa'ida yawanci alama ce cewa ba a taɓa rubuta buƙatun ba.
Gwada kowane bincike da ainihin ƙarshen wuri, abokin ciniki da dangin adireshin da kake shirin amfani, ba da rukunin ba. Kayayyakin VPN da ake sarrafawa sun bambanta da tubalan OpenVPN da IPsec da suke kama da su.
Na farko, wanene ke buɗe haɗin
Idan abin da ke buƙatar shiga kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ce, waya ko tashar aikin mai gudanarwa ɗaya, haɗin yana farawa daga na'urar nesa kuma zanen shine shiga abokin ciniki na nesa. Idan abin da ke buƙatar shiga reshe ne cike da na'urori bayan na'urar hanya ɗaya, haɗin yana farawa daga wannan na'urar hanya kuma zanen shine ƙofa-zuwa-ƙofa. Wannan shine binciken da ke yanke mafi yawan lokuta, kuma shine wanda mutane ke tsallakewa lokacin da gabatarwar mai siyarwa ta riga ta tsara tattaunawa a kan sirri.
Tsaya a nan idan ba za ka iya ambaton ɓangaren da ke farawa ba. Zanen da ke ƙoƙarin biyan duka lokuta da rami ɗaya yakan ƙare da zaman abokin ciniki da ke yin kamar ƙofa ce.
Na biyu, menene AWS ke tabbatarwa
Da Client VPN, AWS yana tabbatar da asalin abokin ciniki ko mai amfani da aka saita: takardun shaida, jagorar suna ko asalin haɗin gwiwa, gwargwadon saitin. Da Site-to-Site VPN, AWS yana tabbatar da asalin abokin ƙofar shiga. Wannan bambanci ba na ado ba ne. Ɗaya daga cikin tsarin yana girma ta hanyar ƙara masu amfani da soke bayanansu; ɗayan kuma yana girma ta hanyar amincewa da duk abin da ke bayan ƙofa ɗaya.
Tabbatar da ƙofar shiga ba ya tabbatar da kowane ma'aikaci ko aikace-aikace da ke bayansa, don haka ka riƙe asalin aikace-aikace da shiga matakin albarkatu a wurin koda kuwa an amince da ramin kansa. Reshen da na'urar hanyarsa ke da ingantaccen asalin aboki bai kamata a karanta shi kai tsaye a matsayin an ba kowane tebur a wancan ginin izini ba.
Na uku, ta yaya haɗin ke manne
Client VPN yana manne ta hanyar haɗin ƙananan cibiyoyin sadarwar VPC ko ingantaccen haɗin Transit Gateway kai tsaye. Site-to-Site VPN yana manne da manufar AWS VPN, yawanci ƙofar sirri ta ƙira ko Transit Gateway. Jagorar gine-ginen Client VPN tana rubuta zaɓin Transit Gateway, kuma kasancewarsa ba ya mai da zaman kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ƙofar reshe kuma ba ya cire tabbatarwa da izinin abokin ciniki da aka bayyana a sama.
Duba haɗin da asusunka da yankinka ke goyan baya a zahiri kafin ka tsara hanyoyi kewaye da shi, sannan duba wanene ya mallaki wannan haɗin. Zaɓin da ke cikin takardu amma yana kan cibiyar sadarwar da ba za ka iya daidaita ba ba zaɓi ba ne.
Na huɗu, wace hanya da manufa ke zuwa tare da shi
Client VPN yana kawo sarrafa haɗin abokin ciniki da ka'idojin izini ga cibiyoyin sadarwar da ka yarda da su. Mai amfani da aka haɗa yana buƙatar hanyar ƙarshen wurin da aka yi niyya, ka'idar izini da ke barin ta, da duk wata dama da albarkatun kansa ke buƙata. Site-to-Site VPN yana sarrafa hanya tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwar da ƙofar abokin ciniki ke wakilta, ta amfani da ingantattun hanyoyi na tsaye ko BGP gwargwadon zanen, don haka na'urori ɗaya-ɗaya bayan na'urar hanyar reshe ba sa buƙatar kowanne shiga abokin ciniki.
Kada ka ƙaddara halin da ba a goyan bayansa daga rukunin a kowace hanya. VPN na shiga nesa ba su da cikakken gazawa wajen ɗaukar zirga-zirgar dawowa ko tallafa wa tsarin ƙofar shiga, kuma IPsec ba ya toshewa kai tsaye ta NAT — AWS yana rubuta ratsa NAT da buƙatun ƙofar abokin ciniki, kuma daidaitaccen ƙofar da aka goyan baya shine ainihin iyaka. Duba iyakokin ƙarshen wurinka kafin ka buƙaci haɗin da ke farawa zuwa ga abokan ciniki ko kai LAN bayan zama ɗaya. Irin wannan taka tsantsan ya shafi dangin adireshi: ƙarshen wurin da ke aiki a kan IPv4 ba ya nufin hanyar IPv6, don haka tabbatar da dangin da abokin cinikinka ko ƙofarka za su yi shawara a kai.
Site-to-Site VPN yana ba ka ramuka biyu a kowace haɗi, kuma wannan sakewa aikin zane ne maimakon fasali da za ka iya ɗauka. Aikin ƙofar abokin ciniki, juyar da hanya idan ta kasa da kewayon gwaji duk dole a tsara su; kwatanta zaman kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ɗaya da uwar garken VPN mara tushe ba ya tabbatar da komai game da kowanne.
Inda zanen biyu suka haɗu
Ayyukan ba su keɓanta juna ba, kuma tsarin samarwa na yau da kullum yana amfani da duka biyu: ma'aikata a kan Client VPN, cibiyoyin sadarwar reshe a kan Site-to-Site, tare da bayyanannun hanyoyi da manufar shiga tsakanin wuraren da dole su yi magana. Teburin taƙaitaccen bincike huɗu ne, ba madadi na yin su ba.
| Question | AWS Client VPN | AWS Site-to-Site VPN |
|---|---|---|
| Who establishes it? | A client on a remote device | A customer gateway device or appliance |
| What is authenticated? | The client or user identity | The gateway peer identity |
| How does it attach? | VPC subnet association or Transit Gateway | Virtual private gateway or Transit Gateway |
| What carries the path? | An OpenVPN-based client tunnel | IPsec tunnels to AWS endpoints |
Abu ɗaya da babu ɗayan kayan da ke maye gurbinsa: TLS zuwa aikace-aikacen da buƙatarsa ta ɓoyewa ta wuce ƙarshen wurin VPN. Idan iyakar bin ka'idodinka ta ƙare a aikace-aikacen, ramin jigila ne kuma takardar shaida har yanzu ita ce sarrafawa.
Rubuta amsoshi huɗu kafin bitar zane, ɗaya a kowace layi. Lokacin da biyu daga cikinsu suka saba — misali, zanen abokin ciniki da aka tabbatar da mai amfani tare da buƙatar hanya mai girman reshe — wannan sabani shine binciken, kuma ganinsa yanzu ya fi arha fiye da lokacin miƙa mulki.