I-Git iyagxuma ku-WSL2 nge-VPN: i-MTU ye-interface noma indlela?

Ikhuloni iyaqinisekisa, inani lezinto liyavela, bese kungabikho okuhambayo imizuzu eminingi. I-Windows ibika ukuthi i-VPN ixhunyiwe, igama lomsingathi liyaxazululwa, futhi isiphequluli kumshini ofanayo sithola ikhasi elifanayo lesitolo ngaphandle kobunzima. Le nhlanganisela ikhomba kubukhulu bephakethe hhayi emininingwaneni yokungena, futhi umbuzo wobukhulu kufanele ubuzwe ezindaweni ezimbili ngoba i-WSL2 inayo i-interface yayo ye-Linux ene-MTU yayo. Inombolo eyodwa ingeyohlangothi lwe-Windows lwendlela, enye ingeyesabelo, futhi ukufunda i-adaptha ye-VPN kuphela kushiya ingxenye yendlela ingahloliwe.

Izimpawu ezintathu zehlukanisa inkinga yobukhulu kwezinye

Uphawu lokuqala yisimo: ukusethwa koxhumano nokushintshana okuncane kuyaphumelela, bese ukudluliswa okukhulu kuyeka ukuqhubeka. Okwesibili ukulingana: isitolo esifanayo nokuthutha okufanayo kuyahluleka kuyilapho omunye umsingathi endleleni efanayo esebenza, noma ukwehluleka kushintsha ngobukhulu bomthwalo hhayi ngesikhathi sosuku. Okwesithathu ukuthula: akukho phutha lokuqinisekisa, akukho kunqatshwa yi-proxy, akukho kwehluleka kokuxazululwa kwamagama, kuphela ukudluliswa okungapheli.

Lokhu kuthathu ndawonye kuthethelela umqagelo wobukhulu bephakethe. Ukwehluleka kwe-DNS, ithokheni ephelelwe yisikhathi, ukhiye we-SSH owenqatshiwe kanye ne-proxy enqaba i-CONNECT ngakunye kukhiqiza iphutha lako, futhi akukho okubonakala njengokuma ngemuva kokuphumelela. Ukugcina isitolo esifanayo, ukuthutha nokukhanya kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokuhlola yikho okwenza ukuqhathanisa kube qotho.

Qhathanisa zombili izixhumi ze-interface ngaphambi kokunquma

Qoqa umbono we-Windows nombono we-Linux kuseshini eyodwa, futhi bamba ikheli lesitolo esikhundleni sokuqagela ukuthi iyiphi i-interface elithwalayo. Umyalo ongezansi uxazulula kuqala indawo ekuyiwa kuyo ukuze ukusesha kwendlela kuchaze iseva yangempela ehlangana nayo ikhuloni, okungenzeka yehluke egameni eliboniswe isiphequluli. Gijimisa izingxenye zombili eduze komunye nomunye, ngoba i-VPN ingashintsha izilinganiso ze-interface phakathi kwemizamo.

netsh interface ipv4 show subinterfaces
wsl -d Ubuntu -- bash -lc 'dest=$(getent ahostsv4 github.com | awk \'NR==1{print $1}\'); ip -br link show; ip route get "$dest"'

Gijimisa ingxenye ye-Linux ngaphakathi kwesabelo esikhundleni sokunamathisela umphumela ku-shell ye-Windows, ngoba amagama e-interface nokukhethwa kwendlela kunencazelo lapho kuphela. Ukunamathisela okuvela ku-shell ye-Windows kubika izinombolo ezingalungile ngokuzethemba okukhulu. Bhala idivayisi, indlela ekhethiwe ne-MTU kusuka ohlangothini ngalunye ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini.

Nquma ukuthi inombolo kufanele ibe ncane yini

I-MTU ye-interface enkulu kunalokho indlela engakuthwala ayilona iphutha ngokuzenzakalela, ngoba ukutholwa kwe-MTU yendlela kukhona ngqo kwalokho. Isimo sokwehluleka sivela lapho ukutholwa kucindezelwa: imilayezo ye-ICMP ihlungiwe ndawana thize endleleni, umthumeli akaze afunde umkhawulo, futhi amaphakethe amakhulu ayanyamalala kuyilapho amancane edlula. Lokho kuyisici sendlela, hhayi isici se-Git. Yikho futhi okwenza ifayela elincane likwazi ukuphumelela kuxhumano lapho elikhulu lingapheli khona.

Uma ubufakazi bukuxhasa, ushintsho lwesikhashana ku-interface ye-Linux ukuhlola okushibhile kakhulu. Khetha inani elingaphansi kobukhulu bendlela obusebenzisekayo, bhala elelangaphambili, futhi gcina konke okunye kungashintshwanga ukuze ukuqhathanisa kube nencazelo. Uma ukudluliswa kuqedwa ngenani elincane, unokuxilongwa hhayi izingqinamba.

ip -br link show dev eth0
sudo ip link set dev eth0 mtu 1380
ip -br link show dev eth0

Nquma ukuthi isethingi kufanele ihlale kuphi

Kusuka ekuhloleni kuvela izinketho ezintathu, futhi ngokuvamile kufanelekile eyodwa kuphela. Uma inani elincane lilungisa ukudluliswa futhi inani lidingeka ngempela kule nethiwekhi, isethingi idinga umnikazi womjikelezo wokuphila: ihuku yokuqalisa esabelweni, ukucushwa kwenethiwekhi okulawulwa yipulatifomu, noma inqubo ebhaliwe. Uma inani lingalungisi lutho, libuyisele bese ubuyela emibuzweni yokuthutha, i-proxy nokuqinisekisa.

Ukuthi ikhona yini ihuku yokuqalisa kuncike kumaversini e-Windows ne-WSL asetshenziswayo kanye nemodi yenethiwekhi ecushwe. Ukubonisa ingethiwekhi ye-Windows kungashintsha indlela i-VPN esebenzisana ngayo nesabelo ngezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu kunokulungiswa kwe-MTU, ngakho khomba imodi ngaphambi kokuklama isixazululo sokuzungeza sayo. Inani elilungele umhlinzeki oyedwa noma iphrofayela eyodwa ye-VPN akulona okumisiwe kwelandelayo.

Okufanele kugwenywe yindawo ekhangayo: umyalo wenethiwekhi onegunya kufayela lokuqalisa layo yonke ishell esebenzisanayo, noma i-sudo engenagama lokungena kuwo wonke umfanekiso wokugcina we-ip ukuze iskripthi sikwazi ukugijimisa umugqa owodwa. Kokubili kuguqula ukuxilongwa kube ukuvezwa okungapheli futhi kwenza inkinga yokuqala ibe nzima ukuyibona kamuva.

Qinisekisa ngemuva kokuqalisa okuhlanzekile, bese ubuyisela

Ushintsho oluhlala kuphela kuze kuqale kabusha isabelo akulona ukulungiswa. Qalisa kabusha isabelo, xhuma i-VPN futhi, futhi phinda umsebenzi we-Git wangempela esikhundleni sesixazululi esinjenge-ping noma isicelo esincane se-HTTP. Bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-interface ithwala inani elihlosiwe kuseshini entsha.

ip -br link show dev eth0
ip route get "$(getent ahostsv4 github.com | awk 'NR==1{print $1}')"

Gcina inani langempela elibhaliwe eduze koshintsho ukuze ukuhlola kungabuyiselwa ngokuhlanzekile, futhi bhala ukuthi yiluphi uhla lwamakheli olwahlolwa, ngoba umphumela we-IPv4 awusho lutho ngoxhumano lwe-IPv6 kumsingathi ofanayo. Imibhalo yenethiwekhi ye-WSL ichaza amamodi anquma ukuthi ukulungiswa kufanele kubukeke kanjani; inombolo ye-MTU ngokwayo iyisilinganiso sasendaweni, hhayi isincomo.