Umsebenzisi ojwayelekile we-Mac one-VPN ephethwe: yini i-IT okufanele iyithwale

Ama-akhawunti ajwayelekile e-macOS angasebenzisa i-VPN yenkampani usuku lonke kuyilapho i-IT igcina yonke into enegunya elikhethekile. Ukufika lapho yisinqumo sokuletha, hhayi ingxabano yamalungelo: khetha ukuthi ubani ofaka iklayenti, ubani obhala uxhumo nokuthi umsebenzisi uvunyelwe ukushintsha ini. Izindlela ezintathu zihlanganisa cishe zonke izimo, futhi ngayinye ihluleka ngendlela ehlukile. Khetha indlela ngokobunikazi bedivayisi kanye nohlobo lwemininingwane yokuqinisekisa, bese uyihlola njengomsebenzisi ojwayelekile hhayi njengawe.

Izindlela ezintathu zokuletha nokuthi ngayinye inquma ini

Indlela yokuqala iphrofayela yokuhlela ephethwe elethwa ukuphathwa kwamadivayisi enhlangano. Umthwalo we-VPN uthwala isango, indlela yokuqinisekisa, izindlela kanye ne-DNS, futhi ufakwa ngesiteshi sedivayisi noma somsebenzisi kuye ngokuthi i-Mac ibhaliswe kanjani. Indlela yesibili isifaki sesevisi yomsebenzisi: umsebenzisi usebenzisa iphakethe eligunyaziwe elibeka iklayenti futhi libhala uxhumo egameni lakhe. Lokhu kusebenza lapho kungekho ukubhaliswa kokuphatha kodwa inhlangano isafuna ukuhlelwa okuphindwayo nokungabuyekezwa. Indlela yesithathu iwukuthi umsebenzisi enze uxhumo ngesandla kuzilungiselelo zesistimu, elandela amanani ashicilelwe. Yiyona eshibhile ukuqala futhi ebiza kakhulu ukusekela, ngoba iphutha ngalinye ohlangothini lweklayenti liba ucingo oluya kudeski losizo futhi uguquko ngalunye luba inothi.

scutil --nc list
sudo profiles show -type configuration
system_profiler SPConfigurationProfileDataType

Funda uhlu lokuqala ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi izixhumanisi ezikhona nokuthi ngubani onazo, kanye nolunye uhlu ukuze ubone ukuthi yini efakwe njengomgomo. Iphrofayela engabonakali kunoma yiluphi uhlu ayifikanga, noma ngabe yini etshelwe umsebenzisi.

Nquma ngobunikazi bedivayisi, hhayi ngesikhundla

I-Mac ephethwe yinhlangano ngokuvamile ithethekela indlela yokuqala, ngoba isiteshi esifanayo esiletha i-VPN singayisusa, futhi umsebenzisi akakwazi ukuhlela uxhumo ngokuthula. Khetha isiteshi sedivayisi lapho umhubhe kufanele ube khona ngaphambi kokuthi noma ubani angene, nesiteshi somsebenzisi lapho uxhumo lungolomuntu. I-Mac ephethwe ngumuntu siqu enesevisi yenkampani ngokuvamile ikhomba endleleni yesibili. Inhlangano ayikwazi ukuphatha idivayisi, ngakho isifaki kufanele sibe sincane, sibuyiseke futhi sibhalwe ngokwanele ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukusihoxisa.

Indlela yesithathu isalunga kubasebenzisi abambalwa bezobuchwepheshe abanolungiselelo oluzinzile, nakunoma ubani ohlola isango ngaphambi kokuthi lisatshalaliswe. Ngaphansi kwalelo zinga iba yiqoqo lezilungiselelo ezibhalwe ngesandla elingahlolwanga okungekho muntu ongakwazi ukwenza uhlu lwazo.

Hlukanisa iphrofayela ne-akhawunti

Iphrofayela yoxhumo yasendaweni isho ukuthi kufinyelelwa kanjani esangweni. I-akhawunti egunyaziwe esangweni isho ukuthi ofonayo angangena yini. Zihlinzekwa ngabantu abehlukene futhi zihoxiswa ngezizathu ezehlukene, ngakho ungayithathi iphrofayela njengogunyazo. Izitifiketi zikhona phakathi kwazo. Isitifiketi esilethwa nephrofayela siqinisekisa idivayisi noma umsebenzisi, futhi ukusihoxisa esangweni kuqeda ukufinyelela ngisho noma iphrofayela isala kudiski. Idizayini yephasiwedi kuphela incika esikhathini sokuphila kwe-akhawunti, yingakho inothi lokunikeza kufanele lisho ukuthi yikuphi kulokhu okubili okusebenzayo.

Nquma futhi ukuthi iklayenti i-VPN yesistimu noma umhubhe we-app ngayinye. Idizayini ye-app ngayinye iqondisa kuphela izinhlelo ezikhethiwe, futhi incike ekutheni iklayenti liyasekela yini leyo modeli kunguqulo ye-macOS esetshenziswayo, ngakho qinisekisa kumshini wokuhlola esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi isilungiselelo sizohamba naso.

Nikeza ngaphandle kwephasiwedi yomlawuli

Umsebenzisi udinga ukuqala uxhumo, angene futhi alulame ngemuva koshintsho lwephasiwedi. Akukho kulokhu okudinga i-akhawunti yomlawuli, futhi akukho okuthethekela ukufaka imininingwane yokuqinisekisa kuskripthi, esenzweni se-Automator noma esitebhisini sangemuva kokufakwa kwephakethe elisayiniwe.

scutil --nc start "Acme VPN"
scutil --nc status "Acme VPN"
log show --predicate 'subsystem == "com.apple.networkextension"' --last 10m

Imiyalo emibili yokuqala iyimisebenzi yezinga lomsebenzisi ideski losizo elingaqondisa umuntu ngayo. Eyesithathu ifunda umsebenzi wakamuva womhubhe lapho uxhumo lwehluleka, futhi yilokho okufanele kucelwe esikhundleni sesithombe sesikrini sekhasi lephutha.

Uma isinyathelo sithile sisadinga imvume yomlawuli, lokho kuyiphutha ekulethweni: buyisela umbuzo oqondile kumnikazi wephrofayela esikhundleni sokunikeza i-akhawunti enamandla amaningi kunalokho okudingwa umsebenzi.

Ngena njengomsebenzisi ojwayelekile, bese ubhala indlela yokuphuma

Ngena nge-akhawunti ejwayelekile, xhuma, finyelela umsingathi wangaphakathi ohlosiwe, vumela i-Mac ukuba ilale, ivuke futhi uqinisekise ukuxhumana kabusha. Phinda ngemuva koshintsho lwephasiwedi, ngoba yilapho khona ingxenye yalezi zifakelo yehluleka ngempela. Bhala indlela yokululama ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi wokuqala ayidinge: okumele kwenziwe lapho iphrofayela ingekho, lapho isitifiketi siphethwe yisikhathi noma lapho isango lenqaba ukungena okusemthethweni ngenye indlela. Gcina lezi zimpendulo ezintathu lapho ideski losizo lingazithola khona.

Ekugcineni, hlela ukususwa. I-VPN engakwazi ukususwa ku-Mac yomsebenzisi ohambayo emsebenzini owodwa iwumbono wokubuyekezwa kokufinyelela osezokwenzeka.