Ucabanga ukuthi ukushintsha igama lesiphakeli se-Pritunl kushintsha iphuzu lalo lokugcina?

Ukushintsha igama lesiphakeli se-Pritunl kushintsha ilebula kukhonsoli. Akushintshi ikheli amaphrofayili amaklayenti axhuma kulo, futhi akudali irekhodi le-DNS. Inani elibalulekile yikheli lomphakathi lomsingathi, futhi lamukela igama kalula njengekheli.

Igama amaklayenti axhuma kulo lihlala endaweni eyodwa yomsingathi

I-Pritunl iveza iphuzu lokugcina ngokusebenzisa isethingi ye-Ikheli Lomphakathi yomsingathi, elamukela ikheli le-IP lomphakathi noma igama le-DNS. Beka i-vpn.example.net lapho, futhi amaphrofayili akhiwe kanye nokuvumelanisa okuqinisekisiwe kuzonikeza amaklayenti lelo gama. Irekhodi kufanele libe likhona kakade futhi lixazululwe libheke kumlaleli owamukela ukuthuthwa kwe-VPN; le nkambu imemezela indawo okuyiwa kuyo, ayiyikhiphi. Igama eliboniswayo lento yesiphakeli iyimethadatha yokuphatha futhi alifiki neze emzamweni wokuxhuma weklayenti.

Ngakho isinyathelo sokuqala akukhona ukushintsha igama lanoma yini. Vula izilungiselelo zomsingathi, shintsha iKheli Lomphakathi, futhi gcina ngesixhumi esibonakalayo esisekelwayo.

Izinkambu ezintathu ezibonakala zifana futhi zingafani

Ikheli Lendawo lisebenzela ukuphindaphinda nokuhlela phakathi kwabasingathi be-Pritunl. Ikheli Lokuxhuma lichaza ukuthi amaseva axhunyiwe afinyelela kanjani kwelinye. Awekho kokubili okuyikheli iklayenti elixhuma kulo, futhi ukukopisha igama lomphakathi kuzo kuphula i-topology ezichazayo. Ikheli Le-IPv6 Lomphakathi iyinkambu ehlukile enerekhodi nendlela yayo; irekhodi le-A le-IPv4 alisunguli ukufinyeleleka kwe-IPv6.

Igama le-DNS futhi alithwali imephu yamachweba noma umlaleli. Uma isevisi ilalela ku-1194 UDP, igama lisaxazululeka libheke kumsingathi okufanele wamukele i-1194 UDP. I-proxy ehlanekezelwe ye-HTTP echwebeni 443 ehlinzeka ikhonsoli yewebhu ayiyona iphuzu lokugcina lokuthuthwa kwe-VPN, ngisho noma zombili zabelana ngegama elifanayo.

Ukuhlela okusekelwe esizindeni ngaphakathi komhubhe kungenye ingqimba. Ukuqamba iphuzu lokugcina langaphandle akusho lutho mayelana nezindawo eziyimfihlo iklayenti elingafinyelela kuzo.

Thumela igama elisha kumaklayenti akhona

Ukushintsha inkambu akubhali kabusha amaphrofayili asevele ashiye iseva. Ukuvumelanisa kokucushwa okuqinisekisiwe kwe-Pritunl kungahambisa izinguquko zekheli nechweba lomsingathi kumaklayenti ahambisanayo, futhi iklayenti le-CLI elibhaliwe livumelanisa ngaphambi kokuxhuma noma ukuphinda lixhume. Iphrofayili engeniswe ku-NetworkManager noma kuklayenti le-OpenVPN elizimele ayinayo indlela enjalo futhi idinga ukushintshwa okugunyaziwe. Amaseshini akhona awafakazi lutho, ngoba asungulwa ngenani elidala.

Uma ikhonsoli yewebhu ingemuva kwesilinganisi somthwalo, i-Pritunl ibhala isethingi ehlukile ye-Ikheli Lokuvumelanisa yendlela yokuvumelanisa. Ungaphindi usebenzise igama lomsingathi lekhensoli kumlaleli we-VPN ngoba nje womabili yi-Pritunl.

Letha ushintsho ngale ndlela: gcina isethingi yomsingathi, thekelisa ngaphandle noma vumelanisa iphrofayili yamanje, shintsha ikhophi yeklayenti, bese uxhuma futhi. Bhala ukuthi yimaphi amaklayenti alawulwa ukuvumelanisa nokuthi yimaphi anamafayela angenisiwe, ngoba iqembu lesibili ngeke lilandele ngokuzenzakalela. Uhlu lobunikazi bamaklayenti luwusizo lapha kunerekhodi le-DNS elilodwa.

Yamukela inguquko ngokuxhuma kwangempela

Ukuxazulula igama ukuhlolwa okubuthakathaka kakhulu. I-dig +short vpn.example.net ebuyisela ikheli ifakazela kuphela ukuthi irekhodi likhona.

Isivivinyo sokwamukela ukuxhuma okuqinisekisiwe okusha okuvela kuklayenti eliphethe iphrofayili entsha, kulandelwe isicelo esiya kumthombo oyimfihlo okufanele ufinyeleleke ngomhubhe. Hlola kulogi yeklayenti iphuzu lokugcina elisetshenziswe ngempela, hhayi lelo obuqonde lona. Gcina indlela yokuphatha engathembeli ekushintsheni kwegama ngendlela efanele, ukuze iphutha lingakukhiyi ngaphandle kwekhensoli.

Kamuva, lapho ikheli lomphakathi lihamba, buyekeza irekhodi futhi uhlele ukugcinwa kuklayenti kanye nokuziphatha kokuphinda kuxhume. Igama lomsingathi lihlukanisa amaklayenti nekheli lezinombolo; alihambisi isokhethi ephilayo futhi alikwenzi umlaleli ongafinyeleleki uphendule.