Ukugeleza okukodwa, imingcele emine: ukuthola iphakethe lokugcina
Umbiko wamaphakethe udinga ukugeleza okulawuliwe kanye nezindawo zokubona eziqhathanisekayo. Ukungabikho kokuthwebula noma ukuqinisekisa ngomlomo akukhombo isinyathelo lapho iphakethe lilahleka khona.
Uhlangothi olulodwa luthi luthumele ithrafikhi; olunye luthi ayifikanga ndawo. Lezi zitatimende ezimbili zizwakala ziphikisana futhi ngokuvamile ziyizilinganiso ezimbili ezihlukene. Ukubalwa kwamaphakethe, ilogi ye-firewall kanye nokuthwebula kuchaza izingqimba ezihlukene, futhi ukuziqhathanisa ngaphandle kwezilebula kuveza umsoliswa esikhundleni sendawo. Yakha umbiko ngokuzungeza ukugeleza okukodwa kanye nezindawo zako zokubona.
Isibali esingenalo umongo asifakazeli okuningi
Ukuthi isango libika amabhayithi athunyelwe akubona ubufakazi bokuthi uhlangothi olukude luthole isicelo esithile. Isibali singafaka okunye ukugeleza, ezinye izikhathi noma elinye izingqimba lokuhlanganisa. Isibali esikhula ngesikhathi lapho indawo okuthunyelwa kuyo ingaboni lutho kungase kube kulungile, ngoba silinganise omunye umbuzo. Ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa noma yini, misa ukugeleza, iwindi lesikhathi kanye nezingqimba.
Izinombolo ezimbili ezivela ezingqimbeni ezihlukene zingase zingavumelani ngokwethembeka. Ukungavumelani kuyisiqalo sophenyo, hhayi isiphetho.
Faka ilebula kuyo yonke indawo yokubona
Kukho konke ukubona, bhala idivayisi, isiphambano noma indawo yokubopha, indlela, inkomba yewashi kanye nokuthi kukhombisa ithrafikhi yangaphakathi noma ukuthutha kwangaphandle. Ilogi ye-firewall kusihambile kanye nokuthwebula emgxenyeni ongenhla kungubufakazi obuhlukene ngisho noma buhlukaniswe imizuzwana. Ilelebula yilona elivumela omunye unjiniyela ukuba aphinde akhe lo mbono.
Gcina inkinga yewashi ibonakala. Amawashi ayaphambuka, futhi isigxivizo sesikhathi esithathwe kusihambile esisodwa singase singaqhathaniswa ngqo kwesinye. Uma amasihambile engakwazi ukuvunyelaniswa, vala umzamowethu ngezikhathi ezivela ezinhlangothini zombili futhi usebenzise ukulandelana esikhundleni senani eliphelele. Bhala ukwehluka okulinganisiwe esikhundleni sokulungisa izikhathi ngokuthula.
Qhathanisa izinkambu indawo ekuveza ngempela
Qhathanisa amakheli nezinkambu zeprotocol ezindaweni ezikubeka obala ngempela. Cabanga ngokuhumusha ngamabomu, ngoba i-tuple ebhalwe kabusha iseyinkulumo efanayo. Kuhlolo lwe-IPv4 Echo olugunyaziwe, incazelo ku-RFC 792 inikeza izinkambu zesihlonzi nokulandelana ezisiza ukuhlobanisa izicelo nezimpendulo. Gcina futhi amakheli kanye newindi, ngoba inani lokulandelana lodwa alisona isihlonzi esiyingqayizivele.
tcpdump -ni eth0 -c 20 'host 198.51.100.20 and icmp'
tcpdump -ni tun0 -c 20 'host 10.90.0.5 and tcp port 443'Lapho ingxenye yangaphandle ibethelwe, gcina ingxoxo nozakwethu kanye nendlela yayo kurekhodi elihlukile. Akufanele kulindeleke ukuthi isihlonzi sangaphakathi se-Echo sisele ngaphandle ngendlela efanayo. Izibalo zangaphandle nezingaphakathi akumele ziqhathaniswe ngaphandle kokusho ukumelwa.
Bika isikhala esingekho, hhayi umsoliswa
Ukubona okungekho kuwubufakazi obulinganiselwe, hhayi ubufakazi bokuthi iphakethe lawa kuleyo divayisi. Izihlungi, indawo yokuthwebula, idatha yokuthwebula elahlekile kanye newindi eligeje umzamowethu konke kukhiqiza irekhodi elingaphelele. Shono ukuthi yini engekho naphakathi kwemiphi imingcele. Ukungabikho nakho kudinga isikhathi sokuphelelwa, ngakho shono ukuthi ubone isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yini obekufanele ivele.
Isimangalo sohlangothi olunye sokuthi sidlulise ithrafikhi singumongo, akusona ukubona nanini. Dlulisela ukugeleza, izigxivizo zesikhathi, imingcele enezilebula kanye nesibonelo esisodwa esincane. Gcina umbiko umfishane ngokwanele ukuthi ukubona okuceliwe kugqame. Lokho kuguqula isicelo esilandelayo sibe yisilinganiso esinembile esikhundleni sokumangalela.
Faka isilinganiso esiceliwe emshwenshweni owodwa. Bese uyeka ukubhala.