Ukulungisa amathegi e-VLAN ezindaweni zokugcina ze-pseudowire: incwadi yokusebenza

Chaza ukuthi iyiphi ifreyimu okufanele itholwe uhlangothi ngalunye lwekhasimende ngaphambi kokuthi uthinte i-pseudowire. Esimweni esilula, i-CE A ithumela ithegi eyodwa ehlukanisa isevisi futhi i-CE B ilindele amafreyimu angenawo ithegi, futhi uhlangothi lombikeli yilapho lo mehluko uxazululwa khona. Ithegi iyinqubomgomo yasendaweni hhayi ingxenye yenkontileka ye-Ethernet yekhasimende, futhi i-pseudowire ithwala ifreyimu okuvunyelwene ngayo hhayi eyokuqala. Bhala izinhlangothi zombili ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukulungiselelwa.

Bhala inkontileka yefreyimu kuqala

Uhlangothi olubheke phambili lususa ithegi bese uhlangothi olubuyayo luyibuyisela. Uma ubhala eyodwa kuphela yazo, uzohlola indlela esebenza ohlangothini olulodwa bese uthi isekethe iphilile.

Gcina inkontileka imfushane ngokwanele ukuthi inamatheliswe kwithikithi yoshintsho: yiluphi uhlangothi oluthumela ngethegi, yiluphi olulindele ngaphandle kwethegi, futhi iyiphi inani lethegi elihlukanisa isevisi.

Vumelana ngemodi ye-pseudowire

I-RFC 4448 yehlukanisa amamodi e-pseudowire e-raw ne-tagged futhi ichaza ukuthi amathegi ahlukanisa isevisi aphathwa kanjani. Imodi ye-raw isengathwala amathegi angawasefreyimu yekhasimende, ngakho umehluko umayelana nendima yesevisi yethegi hhayi ngobukhona nje besihloko se-802.1Q. Ukufunda imodi njenge-tagged uma kuqhathaniswa ne-untagged iyindlela evamile kakhulu yokwehlukanisa kabi lo msebenzi. Vumelana ngemodi nozakwenu ngaphambi kokuthi unqume ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi oyidingayo.

Bese uhlola uhlobo lwangempela lwe-pseudowire namapharamitha ozakwenu. Ukuxhumana kwe-VLAN kwasendaweni nokuxhumana kwetheku elikude kudinga ilungiselelo le-interworking elisekelwe, futhi izitatimende ezimbili zokubhala kabusha kwasendaweni azifakazeli ukuthi izinhlobo zeesekethe ezimemezelwe ziyafana.

Uma okulindelekile nge-control word ne-MTU kuhlukile, unenkinga yokuxoxisana okungeke kuyixazulule noma yikuphi ukubhala kabusha. Qinisekisa kokubili kusukela ekulungiselelweni okusebenzayo kozakwenu hhayi kudokhumenti yokuklama.

Sebenzisa imisebenzi yethegi yasendaweni

umhlahlandlela wokubhala kabusha we-VLAN CCC wakwa-Juniper ubhala imisebenzi ye-pop, push ne-swap nemikhawulo eqondene neplatifomu. Mayelana neyunithi enethegi ehambisanayo esivele ilungiselelwe, isiqondiso esiyisibonelo yi-input-vlan-map pop ku-ingress ne-output-vlan-map push ku-egress. Leyo migqa ibonisa imisebenzi, hhayi ukulungiselelwa okuphelele kwesixhumi noma kwesekethe. Qinisekisa ipulatifomu nokukhishwa okuqondile esikhundleni sokusebenzisa isibonelo somndeni owodwa wamadivayisi yonke indawo.

Izilungiselelo ze-VLAN ne-encapsulation ezisekelwe yiyunithi kusamele zichaze ithegi nokuhlukanisa okuhlosiwe. Isitatimende sokubhala kabusha kuyunithi ehlukanisa amafreyimu angalungile sihambisa inkinga esikhundleni sokuyilungisa.

Gcina noma yimaphi amathegi ekhasimende angaphakathi adingwa yisevisi. Kumatege afakwe phezulu, thola ukuthi iliphi ithegi langaphandle olilungisayo ngaphambi kokususa noma yini.

Yenza isabelomali sosayizi, hhayi amathegi kuphela

Faka amathegi agciniwe, isitaki sangempela se-MPLS ne-control word kwisabelomali sosayizi. I-RFC 8469 incoma i-control word kuma-pseudowire e-Ethernet, futhi leso sincomo sishintsha isabelomali sefreyimu kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ipulatifomu yakho iyayivula ngokuzenzakalela noma cha. Vumelanisa ukungafani kwe-MTU esikhundleni sokucindezela isexwayiso sayo njengokulungisa. Isexwayiso esicindezelwe ukuphazamiseka okuhleliwe okususwe usuku lwaso.

Hlola isabelomali esifanayo kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zombikeli, ngoba uhlangothi olulodwa lwengeza ithegi kanti olunye lwengeza i-control word kwanele ukuphula umthwalo owawulungile ngaphambili.

Uma izinombolo zingavumelani, shintsha uhlelo hhayi izinga lokurekhoda.

Yamukele ifreyimu ngefreyimu

Ukuze kwamukelwe, hlola ifreyimu elindelekile ekuxhumaneni ngakunye kwekhasimende kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Bese wenze ithrafikhi yohlelo lokusebenza nokulawula edingwa yisevisi ngempela ngokohlelo lokuhlola oluvunyelwe, ngoba i-ping ifakazela okuncane kakhulu kunefreyimu enethegi efika iphelele. Rekhoda inkontileka yefreyimu ye-ingress ne-egress kanye nokulungiselelwa kwesekethe. Lelo rekhodi yilo elenza ushintsho olulandelayo lubhekeke.

Gcina imodi, imisebenzi yethegi, isabelomali se-MTU nomphumela wokuhlola endaweni eyodwa, ngoba ziba nencazelo uma zikanye kuphela. Ukuzihlukanisa ngamathikithi amathathu kuqinisekisa ukuthi unjiniyela olandelayo uzothola futhi umkhawulo ofanayo.

Isekethe liphela uma izinhlangothi zombili zihambisana nenkontileka owayibhale ekuqaleni, hhayi uma uhlangothi lokuqala luphumelela.