Isimo se-VPN ku-macOS kusuka ku-terminal: scutil, imizila noma i-ping
Isimo sesevisi, umzila we-kernel nesicelo sangempela ziphendula imibuzo emithathu ehlukene. Bhala i-script ngokusho kwesihlonzi sesevisi futhi uhlole nomzila.
Kundawana kuyi-script yokuthunyelwa kukhona ukuhlolwa kokuthi umhume uyasebenza yini ngaphambi kokuthi ukuphinda kokuqala. Izimpendulo ezintathu ziyatholakala, futhi azisho into eyodwa: isimo sesevisi esibikwa ngu-scutil, umzila okhethwe yi-kernel, nokuthi ngempela uyaphendula yini umhlandla wesibili. Ukuziqhathanisa yikho okwehlukanisa ukuhlolwa okubikezela ukuphinda nokuhlolwa okuhlotsha i-log kuphela.
Izimpendulo ezintathu embuzweni wokuthi i-VPN iyasebenza
Isimo sesevisi siyiqiniso lendiza yokulawula. I-macOS iyazi ukuthi ukucushwa kuxhunyiwe ngoba inqubo yeklayenti yako isho kanjalo. Umzila uyiqiniso lendiza yedatha: i-kernel izothumela le ndawo ngaleso sixhumanisi. Ukufinyeleleka kuyiqiniso kusuka ekupheleni kuya ekupheleni, futhi kungahluleka ngezizathu ezingaziboni ezinye lezi ezimbili.
| Signal | Answers | Blind spot |
|---|---|---|
scutil --nc status | Is the service connected? | Third-party clients, wrong routes |
route -n get | Where would this go? | The peer may be down |
| A request to the far side | Does it work now? | Slow, and it changes state |
Ukuhlolwa okuwusizo kuhlanganisa ezimbili zokuqala futhi kusebenzisa owesithathu njengesiqinisekiso sokuthi ezinye ezimbili azikhathanga amanga. Ngayinye iyodwa iwukuqagela okunophawu lwesikhathi.
Funda isihlonzi, hhayi igama elibonisiwe
scutil --nc list
scutil --nc status "Office"Uhlu luphrinta umugqa owodwa isevisi ngayinye, futhi umugqa ngamunye uphethe isimo kubakaki, bese kuba isihlonzi sesevisi, uhlobo negama elibonisiwe. Bhala i-script ngokwesihlonzi, ngoba igama elibonisiwe yilokho umuntu akuthayipha kuzilungiselelo zesistimu futhi kungashintsha ngaphandle sesaziso. Umyalo wesimo uphrinta igama elilodwa, futhi kwezinye izinhlobo zesevisi izibalo ziyalandela; qhathanisa lelo gama lokuqala esikhundleni sokufuna igama kuwo wonke umphumela, elivela nakwezinye izindawo.
Ukuqala isevisi kungaveza isicelo sokugunyazwa noma kunqatshwe ngqo uma iphrofayela ilawulwa. Lokho kunqatshwa akusona iphutha lomhume; kuyisitatimende senqubomgomo sokuthi ngubani ovunyelwe ukuwukhulisa.
Iklayenti lenhlangano yesithathu licashe kuhlu
Uhlu olungenalutho akusho ukuthi awekho i-VPN. Ukucushwa okwenziwe kuzilungiselelo zenethiwekhi zesistimu ngokwayo kuvela lapha; iklayenti lomhlinzeki, iphrofayela yokuphatha noma uhlelo lokusebenza lwenhlangano yesithathu kungagcina umhume osebenzayo umyalo lo ongalokothi uwubone. Ithuluzi layo uqobo ligunya lesevisi yayo uqobo. Ukubuza ku-scutil mayelana neklayenti elingakaze libhalise kulo kubuyisela lutho, futhi lutho akusona impendulo efanayo nokuxhunyiwe.
Lapho uhlu lungenalutho kodwa ithrafikhi isobala ukuthi ishifriwe, funa isixhumanisi: idivayisi ka-utun noma ka-ppp enamakheli ebangeni elilindelekile iwubufakazi bokuthi okuthile kwasungula umhume. Leso isignali ebuthaka kunesimo sesevisi, ngakho yihlanganise nokuhlolwa komzila esikhundleni sokuthatha isixhumanisi njengobufakazi bobuwena. Amaklayenti amaningi angakha izixhumanisi eziningi ezinjalo, futhi kunye kuphela kuzo okungokomhume obuwuqondile.
Isimo akusikho ukuhlela imizila
Isevisi exhunyiwe ithi umhume ukhona. Ayisho ukuthi indawo yakho iwusebenzisa. Funda amakheli, bese ubuza i-kernel ngqo:
ifconfig | grep -A4 utun
netstat -rn -f inet
route -n get 10.40.0.20Iklayenti lomhume ogcwele lifaka umzila ozenzakalelayo odlula kumhume; iklayenti lomhume ohlukanisiwe lifaka iziqalo ezithile zangasese. Womabili abika i-Connected, futhi i-script ehlola isimo kuphela izogijima ngokukhululeka endleleni engalungile. Ukumisa umhume akusho ukuthi kususa imizila eyafakwa elinye iklayenti, futhi lena ingenye yezindlela umshini ogcina ngayo kokubili isevisi exhunyiwe nomzila ogugile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Bheka indawo oyikhathalele, hhayi ithebula lonke lemizila.
Ukuqamba amagama kuyinkinga ehlukile
Eminye imishini ayikwazi ukufinyelela i-Mac ngegama ngenkathi ikheli layo lisebenza, futhi lokho kubikwa njengephutha le-VPN. Igama lomsingathi wendawo, igama lomsingathi nerekhodi le-DNS kuyizinto ezintathu ezahlukene. I-scutil --get LocalHostName ibonisa igama le-Bonjour; i-sudo scutil --set HostName mac-office isetha igama elibikwa isistimu.
Azikho kulezi zilungiselelo ezakha irekhodi endaweni yasehhovisi. Uma ezinye izisingathi kufanele zixazulule igama nge-DNS, umnikazi wendawo kufanele alingeze, noma i-script kufanele isebenzise ikheli esikhundleni salokho. Ukusetha igama elizinzile kwenza izimemezelo zivumelane; akwenzi isixazululi siphendule.
Rekhoda ndawonye ku-script isihlonzi sesevisi nesimo somzila esilindelekile, futhi uhlole kokubili ngaphambi kokuphinda. Umhume osebenzayo kodwa oqondiswe ohlangothini olungalungile uhluleka ngendlela efanayo nokungabi khona komhume, futhi umugqa we-log othi Connected uzothumela umuntu olandelayo ukuba afune endaweni engalungile.