I-Headless Browser Proxy Auth Akuyona Umzila we-VPN

I-VPN ingathwala ithrafikhi yesiphequluli iyise kuseva elibamba futhi isashiye isiphequluli singakwazi ukusebenzisa lowo mmeleli, ngenxa yokuthi umzila nemininingwane yizinto ezihlukile. I-automation engenakhanda yenza igebe libe nzima ukulibona, njengoba lingekho iwindi futhi akukho saziso sokuqaphela. Ukwehluleka kuvame ukuvela njengephutha noma iphutha elijwayelekile lokuzulazula, futhi umuzwa wokuqala ukusola umhubhe. Uhlu lokuhlola olungezansi luhlukanisa izinto ezine okufanele zibe yiqiniso ngaphambi kokuthi isicelo esingenakhanda ngommeleli oqinisekisiwe siphumelele.

Izingxoxo ezimbili, iziqinisekiso ezimbili

Izingxoxo ezimbili zenzeka, futhi zingamaqembu ahlukene. Isiphequluli siqale sixhume kumlaleli wommeleli, okungase sikuphonsele inselelo ngemininingwane; ummeleli ube esekwenza noma avumele ukuxhumana okuqhubekela phambili endaweni okuyiwa kuyo. I-VPN ingathwala umlenze wokuqala ngaphandle kokuba isiphetho esibekela inselele isiphequluli, futhi akukho esingakusho mayelana nowesibili.

HTTP 407 kuwuphawu lokuthi iklayenti kufanele liqinisekise isicelo sommeleli, esithwelwe nge-Proxy-Authenticate ngempendulo elindelwe kokuthi Proxy-Authorization. Lokho akukhona ukungena ngemvume kwewebhusayithi okuyiwa kuyo, futhi ukuxuba kokubili kuwumthombo ovame kakhulu wokudideka lapha.

Ngakho amasheke amane yilawa: yimuphi ummeleli isiphequluli esikhethiwe ngempela, ophendula i-407, iyiphi inethiwekhi yenqubo yesiphequluli evuliwe, nokuthi imininingwane ihanjiswa kanjani ngaphandle komuntu. Ngamunye angahluleka ngokuzimela, futhi ukwehluleka ngakunye kubukeka kufana nangaphandle. Zisebenze ngokulandelana kwazo, ngoba isheke lakamuva alikwazi ukunxephezela esangaphambili. Ummeleli ongazange akhethwe akanakugunyazwa, futhi imininingwane etholakala kuphela kukhompuyutha ephathekayo yakho ayikwazi ukufinyelela esiqukathi.

Hlola i-1: yimuphi ummeleli okhethiwe ngempela

Qala ngokukhetha, ngoba isiphequluli esiziba ukulungiselelwa kommeleli wakho asilokothi sifinyelele inselele nhlobo. Ku-Chrome ifulegi lithi --proxy-server=proxy.example:3128 , ne---proxy-bypass-list yokungafakwa, futhi i-Selenium iveza into efanayo ngezinketho zayo zesiphequluli. Ifayela le-PAC liyindlela ehlukile enezindlela zayo zokuhluleka.

Bese uqinisekisa ungaphakathi kwendawo yesiphequluli esisebenzayo kunokusuka kugobolondo lakho. Uphenyo oluzimele olunommeleli ofanayo yi-curl -x http://proxy.example:3128 -v https://example.com , futhi okukhiphayo kwe-verbose kubonisa ukuthi i-CONNECT iphumelele yini, yini i-Proxy-Authenticate ebuyile, nokuthi i-407 ibuyisiwe yini. Uma i-curl ithola i-407 futhi isiphequluli silenga, indlela yokuqinisekisa inkinga kunenethiwekhi. Uma i-curl iphumelela futhi isiphequluli singaphumeleli, isiphequluli asisebenzisi ummeleli ocabanga ukuthi uyawusebenzisa.

Bheka i-2: ubani ophendula i-407

I-407 inomnikazi, futhi ukuyiqamba kunquma ukuthi ukulungiswa kuyaphi. Uma inselele ivela kummeleli wenkampani, ukulungiswa kuwubufakazi isiphequluli esingasethula singagadiwe. Uma isuka kummeleli okhuphuka nomfula lowo owokuqala aya phambili, imininingwane ingekaleyo hop yesibili futhi ummeleli wokuqala kungenzeka ukuthi idlulisela inselele ingashintshiwe. Funda ububanzi bokuqinisekisa futhi usokhaya kunhlokweni Proxy-Authenticate, ngoba baqamba ibhokisi elibuzayo.

Londoloza lowo mehluko kunoma yini ongena kuyo. Inselele yommeleli, ukuxhumeka okuqhubekela phambili okwenqatshiwe, ukungena ngemvume kuwebhusayithi kanye nesikhathi sokuvala sokuthutha se-VPN kungukwehluleka okune okuhlukene okunabanikazi abane abahlukene, futhi umlayezo wephutha owodwa ojwayelekile ucekela phansi ulwazi oludingayo.

Hlola i-3: indlela yokuqinisekisa

Ukuqinisekisa ngokwako yilapho ukusethwa okuningi okungagadiwe kwephuka khona. I-Selenium ingasetha umsingathi wommeleli kanye nembobo, kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kommeleli we-HTTP akuyona ingxenye ephathekayo yalokho kulungiselelwa, futhi izifakazelo ku-URL yommeleli akuyona indlela ongathembela kuyo kuzo zonke iziphequluli nezinguqulo zabashayeli. Izinketho ezisekelwayo yilezo amadokhumenti akho esitaki angempela: isandiso sesiphequluli esiphendula inselele, ummeleli wasendaweni wokudlulisela phambili owengeza unhlokweni futhi otholakala kuphela emsebenzini, noma ummeleli oqinisekisa umthwalo womsebenzi ngezinye izindlela. Khetha eyodwa ngamabomu, futhi uyihlole ngokumelene nesiphequluli esiqondile, umshayeli nezinguqulo ze-Selenium ozozisebenzisa.

Gcina imininingwane ingaphandle kwezindawo eziputshuzayo. Imigqa yomyalo ibonakala ohlwini lwezinqubo, izithombe-skrini zigcina emibikweni yokuhlola, ukulandelelwa kwesiphequluli kanye nezihloko zokuthwebula amafayela e-HAR, futhi ukulungiselelwa kokuhlolwa okuzibophezele kuhlala phakade. Sebenzisa indlela yokulethwa eyimfihlo yomsebenzi nemithetho yawo yokuhlenga kabusha, futhi uhlele i-akhawunti ye-proxy iye ezindaweni noma indima eyidingayo.

Uma inhlangano inikeza umzila oqondile we-VPN ovunyelwe esikhundleni sommeleli oyisibopho, qhathanisa le miklamo emibili ngokusobala. Ungakhubazi buthule ummeleli noma ulingise ukufakazela ubuqiniso kwelinye iklayenti ukuze uhambe ngenqubomgomo.

Hlola i-4: umongo wenethiwekhi yenqubo yesiphequluli

Leli isheke eleqa abantu. Isiphequluli esiqaliswe isisebenzi, isiqukathi noma inodi ye-Selenium Grid ekude sisebenzisa leyo nethiwekhi yendawo, ngakho uxhumano lwe-VPN yekhompuyutha yakho ephathekayo kanye nokuhluka kommeleli wegobolondo lakho kuchaza indlela isiphequluli esingasoze sayithinta.

Rekhoda amaqiniso amahlanu ngomsebenzi ongaphumeleli: umsingathi wesiphequluli, ummeleli omisiwe, indlela yokuqala yesixazululi, umzila okhethiwe kanye nomnikazi wokuqinisekisa. Bese wenza isicelo esisodwa esigunyaziwe esingenabungozi sisuka kulowo mongo ngqo, lapho ukuqinisekiswa kwe-TLS kwendawo evamile kanye nokugunyazwa kwesicelo kushiywe kuvuliwe. Isiphequluli esingenamakhanda esiqala ngempumelelo asifakazeli ukwamukelwa kommeleli noma ukufakwa kwe-VPN, futhi isithombe-skrini sekhasi elingenalutho akufakazeli lutho nhlobo. Isicelo esibuyisela i-200 kulo lonke uchungechunge siwubufakazi kuphela obalwayo.

Ukugeleza komsebenzi okuqediwe kunezindawo ezintathu okufanele zihlolwe njengesethi. Kunomzila osekelwayo osuka kumsingathi wesiphequluli uya kummeleli, inqubomgomo ebambe iqhaza ebeka ingcaca eqamba ummeleli nezindawo okuyiwa kuzo, kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila wokuqinisekisa ongancikile ku-opharetha ophendula umyalo ongabonakali. Uma noma yikuphi kokuthathu kuncike kumuntu, umsebenzi awukaqashelwa okwamanje, noma ngabe ithini ikhodi yokuphuma. Bhala phansi amaqiniso amahlanu ngaphambi kokuthi umuntu olandelayo athathe ifa lomugqa.