Digniinaha gelitaanka VPN: dhacdo kee ayaa dhab ahaan kiciya?
Guusha xaqiijinta, tunnel la dhisay iyo RADIUS accounting Start waa saddex sheegasho oo kala duwan. Dooro tan qaatahaagu ku falcelin karo, ka dibna isku xir.
Guusha xaqiijinta, tunnel la dhisay iyo RADIUS accounting Start waa saddex sheegasho oo kala duwan, iimaylka gelitaankuna wax macne leh ma yeesho ilaa aad mid ka dooratid. Inta badan nashqadaha digniinaha VPN waxay isku daraan saddexda oo waxay soo saaraan sanduuq qofna aan rumaysnayn. Go'aanku waxa uu ku xidhan yahay cidda akhrinaysa digniinta iyo waxa ay shanta daqiiqo ee soo socota ku samayn karto. Haddii aad tan khaladiso, digniintu waxay noqotaa buuq qarinaya dhacdada kaliya ee aad u baahnayd.
Saddex su'aal ayaa go'aamiya kicinta
Weydii cidda helaysa, waxa ay samayn doonto iyo sida degdeg ah ee ficilku u dhici doono. Koox ammaan oo ilaalinaysa ku-xadgudubka aqoonsiga waxay rabtaa qaab guuldarro ka dib guul hal akoon dhexdiisa daqiiqado gudahood. Koox hawleed oo ilaalinaysa awoodda waxay rabtaa muddada fadhiga iyo sababaha goynta, ma aha gelitaanka. Miiska caawinaaddu waxay rabtaa aqoonsiga fadhiga si uu ula jaanqaado tikidh.
Jawaabahaas waxay tilmaamaan dhacdooyin kala duwan, mana jiro hal sharci buuxiya saddexda. Haddii ficilka qaatahu yahay «wac isticmaalaha», xaqiijintu waa ku filan tahay. Haddii ficilku yahay «sii daayo laysanka» ama «hubi in tunnelku traffik qaaday», kaliya dhismaha ama accounting Start ayaa shaqayn doona. Haddii ficilku yahay «biil wakhtiga», waxaad u baahan tahay diiwaannada Stop halkii gelitaan.
Qor jawaabta hal jumlad ka hor intaadan waxba habaynin. «Iimaylkani waxa uu injineerka gaadiidka u sheegayaa in akoonka X uu tunnel ka furay shabakadda Y waqtiga Z, si uu u hubiyo haddii daaqadda dayactirka la isticmaalay.» Haddii aadan buuxin karin boos kasta, kicintu weli lama dooran.
Isku waafaji dhacdada iyo sheegashada aad samaynayso
| Record | What it proves | What it leaves open |
|---|---|---|
| Rejected credentials | The attempt failed at the credential step | Whether it was a stale client or a real person |
| Access-Accept | Credentials passed for this attempt | Anything about tunnel state or policy |
| Policy match record | A rule matched the request | Whether later steps completed |
| Tunnel established | The gateway accepted a session | Whether traffic flowed or the user got an address |
| Accounting Start | User service began at the accounting layer | Whether the application behind it worked |
| Accounting Stop | That session was closed, with a reason field | Whether the reason is meaningful on your release |
Shaxdu waxay qarinaysaa ku-tiirsanaan: saf kastu waa lagu kalsoonaan karaa kaliya haddii albaabku si lagu kalsoonaan karo u soo saaro oo ururiyahaagu hayo goobta aad u baahan tahay. Akhri qeexitaanka dhacdada nooca saxda ah ee aad ku shaqaynayso, maxaa yeelay magaca «fadhi la dhisay» wuu is beddelaa noocyada dhexdooda, macnuhuna wuu is beddelaa inta badan magaca. Marka qeexitaanku mugdi yahay, weydii qabashada fadhi halkii aad ka malayn lahayd calaamada.
U qaadashada Access-Accept sida dhammaystirka wax kasta oo ka dambeeya waa khaladka ugu caansan. Waa go'aan ku saabsan aqoonsiga, ma aha fadhi. Khaladka lidka ah waa in la akhriyo is-waafajinta siyaasadda sida caddaynta oggolaanshaha, marka sharci ku waafajin karo oo tallaabada xigta weli dhici karto.
Hal fadhi, hal ogeysiis
Hal akoon, dhowr qalab, dib-u-dirid iyo dib-u-xidhnaansho: iimayl kasta oo dhacdo ah wuu khaldanaan doonaa labada jiho, isaga oo nuqul ka samaynaya hal fadhi oo kala qaybinaya mid kale. Furaha ogeysiiska ka dhig albaabka iyo aqoonsiga fadhiga, magaca akoonkana u qaado sida sifo halkii fure. Isticmaale leh laptop iyo telefoon wuu yeelan karaa laba tunnel isku mar, labaduna waxay mudan yihiin safkooda.
Diiwaannada xisaabaadka ee dib loo diro waa caadi, markaa ka saar nuqullada aqoonsiga fadhiga iyo sumadda waqtiga ka hor intaadan soo bandhigin fariinta. Fadhiyada isku xiga ee isla qalabka waa in ay gaar u ahaadaan, dib-u-xidhnaanshaha inta lagu jiro daaqadda dayactirkana waa in uu muuqdaa halkii uu ku biiri lahaa kii hore. Haddii ururiyahaagu dib u qoro sumadaha waqtiga marka la gelinayo, ka saar nuqullada goobaha diiwaanka asalka ah, ma aha kuwa la kaydiyay.
Diiwaan Stop maqan waa hubanti la'aan, ma aha fadhi joogto ah. Dib-u-bilowga albaabka, dhicitaanka ururiyaha iyo luminta UDP dhamaantood waxay ka tagaan godad, markaa digniintu waxay u baahan tahay waddo dib-u-heshiisiin oo weydiisa shaxda fadhiyada nool ka hor inta qofna uusan soo gabagabayn in tunnelku weli shaqaynayo.
Kala saar hantidhawrka iyo ogeysiiska
Qulqulka hantidhawrka iyo qulqulka digniinaha waxay leeyihiin hawlo kala duwan. Hayso diiwaannada ceyriinka ah, oo ay ku jiraan akoon, albaab, aqoonsiga fadhiga, sumadaha waqtiga iyo sababta joojinta, xitaa marka iimayllada caadiga ah la ururiyo, la cabburiyo ama loo diro liis yar oo gaadiid. Heerka darnaantu waa shaandhayn gaarsiin, ma aha doorashada dhacdada wareegga nolosha ee aad doonaysay inaad ku dhawaaqdo.
Dir macnaha ugu yar ee qaatahu u baahan yahay si uu u helo diiwaanka la ilaaliyay. Magacyada akoonka, cinwaannada gudaha iyo faahfaahinta fadhigu waa xasaasi, iimayl si wanaagsan loo gudbiyana waa iimayl si wanaagsan u daadanaya.
Ka dibna caddee tan bilow ilaa dhammaad. Samee gelitaan iyo ka-bax caadi ah, dib-u-xidhnaansho, laba fadhi oo isku mar ah iyo guuldarro gaarsiin oo qasab ah, oo raac hal dhacdo laga bilaabo albaabka ilaa ururiyaha ilaa fariinta la gaarsiiyay. Haddii iimaylku yimaado isagoo aan lahayn aqoonsiga fadhiga, heshiisku ma dhamma. Haddii laba iimayl ay qeexaan hal fadhi, isku-xidhka wuu jaban yahay. Labadaas dhibaato midkoodna ma muuqdo marka waxa kaliya ee aad tijaabinayso ay tahay in gaarsiinta boostadu shaqayso.