Sida loo dejiyo routerka safarka gadaasha portal-ka soo-galinta hudheelka
Marka hore oggolaanso goobta, ka dib bilow tunnel-ka. Hubi qaabka macmiilka, DNS iyo waxa ay qalabka hoose helo, halkii aad ka aamini lahayd iftiinka xaaladda routerka.
Waxaad furtaa bogga maamulka routerka safarka oo waxaa ku soo baxda damac ah in si degdeg ah loo bilaabo VPN. Shabakadda hudheelka ayaa leh qorshe kale: routerkaagu waa macmiilka Wi-Fi-ga goobta, oo ilaa xiriirka sare la ogolaado, ma jiro tunnel meel gaadha. Labada marxalad si taxane ah u mar, routerkuna mar dambe uma eka mid xumaaday.
Marka hore hubi in routerku qaban karo labada shaqo
Waxaad u baahan tahay qaab macmiil sare, oo badanaa loo yaqaan ku-celiyaha, macmiilka ama WISP, iyo macmiilka VPN ee baxa. Kuwani waa sifooyin ka duwan serverka VPN, oo routerro badan oo jaban waxay leeyihiin tan labaad laakiin ma leh tan koowaad.
Bogga maamulka, raadi qaybta WAN ama internet oo u beddel qaabka macmiilka wireless-ka. Iskaan SSID-ga goobta, ku biir, oo u ogolow routerka inuu helo cinwaan ka hor inta aadan wax kale habaynin.
Xaqiiji nooca firmware-ka inta aad halkaas joogto. Magacyada menu-ga way is beddelaan noocyada dhexdooda, oo jidka hagaha hore waxaa laga yaabaa inuusan jirin inkastoo sifadu jirto. Qor nooca iyo nooca firmware-ka oo la soco qalabkaaga safarka. Marka tallaabo la diiwaangeliyey aysan la jaanqaadin shaashadda hortaada, farqiqa nooca ayaa had iyo jeer sababta.
Marka labaad, ogolow xiriirka sare
Ku xir laptop-ka routerka oo fur bog kasta oo HTTP ah. Portal-ku waa inuu dib u jiheeyaa, oo halkaas ka dib habka goobta lafteeda ayaa khuseeya. Portalada qaarkood waxay ka shaqeeyaan taleefanka si ka wanaagsan routerka aan shaashadda lahayn, sidaas darteed ka shaqaynta qalabka xiran ayaa badanaa degdeg ah.
Xannibaadda adag ee VPN waxay adkayn kartaa dejintan bilowga ah. Haddii goobtu tuurto taraafikada tunnelka ka hor oggolaanshaha, macmiilka VPN-ga ee routerka wuu fashilmayaa inta portal-ku sugayo, fashilkaasna waa la filayaa, ma aha qalad habayn.
Isticmaal hab la taageeray si aad uga gudubto. Ka saarista dhowr kontorool hal mar, ama rakibidda shahaado uu bogga portal-ku u soo bandhigo dayactir ahaan, waxay ku beddelaysaa dhibaato ku meel gaar ah dhibaato joogto ah.
Marka saddexaad, bilow VPN-ga profile-ka uu taageerayo
Marka gelitaanka caadiga ahi shaqeeyo, bilow macmiilka VPN-ga ee routerka profile-ka uu dhab ahaan taageerayo. Habaynta WireGuard iyo profile-ka OpenVPN lama beddeli karo, oo midkoodna lama soo dejin karo goob IPsec asal ah.
Hubi saddex shay ka hor inta aadan aammin: barta ugu dambeysa waa la gaari karaa, xallintu waxay ku jawaabtaa qiimaha la filayay, oo cinwaanka bixitaanku waa kan aad filayso. Hubinta bixitaanku waa tan kaliya ee caddaynaysa in tunnelku taraafik qaadayo ee aan kaliya la habayn.
curl -sS https://ifconfig.me
cat /etc/resolv.confHaddii routerku soo sheego xiriir oo cinwaanka bixitaanku weli yahay kan goobta, tunnelku ma qaadayo taraafikada aad u malaynayso. Hagaaji taas ka hor inta aadan qalabka hoose ku darin sawirka.
Marka afraad, tijaabi qalabka hoose
Bogga xaaladda routerku wuxuu sharraxayaa xiriirka routerka laftiisa. Samee codsi cusub laptop-ka ku habboon in la daboolo, oo hubi IPv4, IPv6 iyo xallinta si gooni gooni ah, sababtoo ah qalabku wuxuu ku daboolan karaa hal qoys oo aan ku daboolnayn kan kale.
| Stage | What to verify | Where |
|---|---|---|
| Upstream join | Router has an address from the venue | Router WAN status |
| Portal authorization | A fresh request loads a public page | Connected laptop |
| Tunnel | Egress address changed | Router or laptop |
| Downstream coverage | Laptop resolves and reaches the private resource | Laptop |
Haddii laptopku fashilmo inta routerku guulaysto, dhibaatadu waxay ku jirtaa jidka hoose: NAT, DHCP ama siyaasad tunnel oo kaliya daboola taraafikada routerka laftiisa. Hubi in laptopku leeyahay cinwaan ka yimid barkada routerka, ka dib hubi in gateway-ga caadiga ah uu yahay routerka. Qalabka weli haya kirada serverka DHCP ee goobta wuxuu ku jiraa shabakad gebi ahaan qaldan.
Marka shanaad, go'aanso qorshaha beddelka oo hayso gelitaanka
Tijaabi waxa dhacaya marka portal-ku dhamaado ama tunnelku dhaco. Siyaasadda aad dooratay waa inay daboolto taraafikada la gudbiyo, ee aan kaliya codsiyada routerku isagu sameeyo, haddii kale qalabka hoose wuxuu si aamusnaan ah ugu noqon doonaa xiriirka goobta.
Hayso habka gelitaanka sare ee la xaqiijiyey oo la soco routerka, warqad ama qoraal maxalli ah. Dib u bilaabista hudheelka xiga waxay noqonaysaa shaqo laba daqiiqo ah halkii ay ahaan lahayd habayn kale oo degdeg ah. Hayso nuqul ka baxsan routerkana, sababtoo ah qoraal kaliya qalabka lagu kaydiyey ma heli karo isla marka qalabku yahay waxa xumaaday. Warqaddu weli way guulaysataa arrintan.
Kadib qor afarta qiime ee ay ka shaqeysiisay: qaabka sare, habka portal-ka, nooca profile-ka VPN iyo hubinta bixitaanka. Afartaas ayaa loo baahan doonaa marka xigta, oo iyaga ayaa ugu adag in xusuusta dib loo dhiso.