Lambobin kuskuren VPN na Windows: wane mataki ya kasa, da abin da za a yi log

Buɗe tashar VPN ta Windows bayan gazawa kuma za ta ba ka lamba da jumla, inda jumlar ita ce rabin da ba shi da amfani sosai. Lambar tana nuna wane mataki na haɗin ya kasa, kuma matakin yana ƙayyade wane log, wane saiti da wace ƙungiya ya kamata ka duba gaba. Yin tafiya cikin matakan bisa tsari yana ɗaukar kusan minti goma kuma yana hana sanannen jerin sake girka adaftoci, sauya ladabi da sake saita tari don gyara asusun da ba a taɓa ba shi izinin buga waya ba.

Karanta lambar a matsayin mataki

Haɗin asali yana wucewa ta matakai huɗu. Ya isa uwar garke kuma ya kafa hanyar sadarwa, ya yi shawarar tsaro, ya tabbatar da mai amfani, kuma ya yi amfani da adireshi da turawa. Gazawa a kowane ɗayansu yana barin hujja daban, kuma lambar da ta shafi mataki ɗaya ba ta faɗi wani abu mai amfani game da sauran.

Kuskuren da za a guje wa shi ne ɗaukar lambar a matsayin ma'aunin tsanani. Gazawar hanyar sadarwa da gazawar izini duka ana karantawa a matsayin "ba a iya haɗawa ba", kuma ba su da wani abin da ya haɗa su bayan haka. Tsanani yana faɗin yadda abu yake gaggawa; matakin yana faɗin abin da za a buɗe.

Mataki na farko: hanyar sadarwa da ƙoƙarin buga waya

829 na nufin hanyar sadarwar da ke ƙasa ta yanke. Ba ta faɗin ko abokin nesa ya daina amsawa, ko wani akwati na tsakiya ya kashe zaman, ko wata manufa a kan abokin ciniki ta rufe shi. Lambar kammala buga waya kamar 703 ta fi wannan farkon: ƙoƙarin bai isa ya sami hanyar sadarwa ba, wanda yawanci yana nuni ga bayanin martaba, yanayin sabis ko manufa ta gida.

Get-VpnConnection -Name 'Corp' | Select-Object Name,ServerAddress,TunnelType,AuthenticationMethod,ConnectionStatus
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName vpn.example.net -Port 443
Get-WinEvent -LogName Application -MaxEvents 200 | Where-Object ProviderName -match 'RasClient' | Select-Object -First 15 TimeCreated,Id,Message

Tambayar abubuwan da suka faru ita ce sashin da mutane suke tsallakewa. Rikodin gefen abokin ciniki tare da tambarin lokaci da sunan mahaɗin ya fi tashar daraja, domin yana faɗin ko ƙoƙarin ya bar na'urar kwata-kwata. Babu rikodi kuma babu amsa daga mai sauraro yana nufin matsalar isa, kuma babu gyaran abokin ciniki da zai canza haka.

Idan wannan bayanin martaba yana aiki a wata hanyar sadarwa, tsaya a nan. Lambar tana bayanin yanayin hanya ne ba kuskuren tsari ba, kuma kwatancen da zai yi amfani na gaba shi ne kamun biyu ba sake girka ba.

Mataki na biyu: PPP da ɗaurin ƙaramin tashar

720 yana tsakanin hanyar sadarwa da mai amfani. Ramin ya tashi sannan Layer PPP bai iya yin shawara kan adireshi ko ladabin sarrafawa ba, wanda sau da yawa matsalar ɗauri ce a kan abokin ciniki ba tabbacin da aka ƙi ba. Wannan bambanci shi ne dukan darajar lambar: tana faɗin ba a taɓa isa tabbacin ba, don haka asusun ba shi ne wanda ake zargi ba.

Get-NetAdapter -IncludeHidden | Where-Object InterfaceDescription -match 'WAN Miniport' | Select-Object Name,Status,ifIndex
Get-NetAdapterBinding | Where-Object ComponentID -match 'ms_pptp|ms_l2tp|ms_sstp|ms_agile' | Select-Object Name,ComponentID,Enabled

Karanta waɗannan fitarwa biyu ya fi sake saita kowane abu bayani. Ƙaramin tashar da take nan amma ba a fara ta ba, ko ɗaurin ladabi da wata manhaja ta kashe, suna haifar da gazawar wannan matakin daidai. Dukansu ana iya gyara su ba tare da taɓa sauran tari ba. Sake saita cikakke, akasin haka, yana cire adireshi da yanayin tacewa waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da kuskuren.

Mataki na uku: asali da izini

691 na nufin an ƙi tabbacin shiga. 649 na nufin asusun ba shi da izinin buga waya, kuma 812 na nufin wata manufar shiga nesa ta ƙi haɗin. Waɗannan shawarwari ne, ba gazawar jigila ba, kuma abokin ciniki zai iya kawai ya ba da rahoto.

Hujja tana gefe ɗaya. Tambayi mai gudanar da ƙofar game da ƙoƙarin a wannan tambarin lokaci da manufar da ta dace; tambayi mai jarida ko asusun yana da izinin buga waya kuma yana cikin rukunin da manufar take buƙata. Canza nau'in rami ko sake girka abokin ciniki ba zai iya canza shawarar da aka yanke game da asali ba.

Ɗabi'a mai amfani a wannan matakin ita ce rubuta ainihin igiyar asusun a cikin tikit, har da kowane prefix na yanki. Yawan lokuta 691 da suka ba da mamaki tabbacin da aka ajiye don yankin da ba daidai ba ne, kuma ana ganin haka a cikin igiyar asusun ba a cikin saitin ladabi ba.

Mataki na huɗu: an haɗa, kuma babu abin da ke aiki

Haɗi na iya kammala kuma ya kasance marar amfani. Yana riƙe adireshi, abokin ciniki yana ba da rahoton nasara, kuma kowace buƙata da manhajar ke yi tana ƙarewa da lokaci. Babu abin da ke cikin tashar da ke nuna haka, kuma babu lambar da za a duba. A wannan lokacin tashar ta ƙare kuma hujja mai amfani tana wani wuri.

Get-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix 10.24.0.0/16 | Select-Object DestinationPrefix,NextHop,InterfaceAlias
Resolve-DnsName files.corp.example.internal
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName 10.24.6.15 -Port 445

Idan hanyar ba ta nan, uwar garke ba ta tura ta ba ko abokin ciniki ya bar ta. Idan hanyar tana nan kuma sunan ya kasa, warwarewar ita ce matsalar. Idan duka biyu suna aiki kuma manhajar har yanzu ta kasa, ka wuce ramin kuma kana cikin tsarin manhajar kanta.

Riƙe canje-canje zuwa sami ɗaya a kowane gwaji. Kowace gyara da ka yi kafin ƙoƙari na gaba tana zama wani ɓangare na mahallin lamba ta gaba, kuma lambar da ke bayanin gyaran ka na ƙarshe ta fi rashin lamba muni.

Ƙoƙari ɗaya, canji ɗaya, rikodi ɗaya

Ko wane mataki, rikodin ya kamata ya ƙunshi lambar, saƙon, sunan bayanin martaba, tambarin lokaci da hanyar sadarwar da kake. Filaye biyar, kuma kowanne daga cikinsu yana gabanka a cikin tashar ko log ɗin abokin ciniki. Wannan saitin ya yi ƙanƙanta don liƙawa cikin tikit kuma ya isa ya zama takamaimai don wani ya sake yin sa.

Sannan ka sanya wannan tambarin lokaci kusa da rikodin gefen ɗaya. Tebur da ke kusa da saman wannan shafi yana faɗin wane mataki ne ya mallaki kowane sabani. Ba tare da rikodi na biyu lambar tana kawai taƙaita bincike; da shi, an yanke matakin. Kwatancen shi ne ke mai da lamba bincike maimakon zato.

Wannan ɗabi'ar tana rufe kusan kowace gazawar VPN ta asali a Windows, kuma babu ɗaya daga cikin rassan da ke buƙatar sake girka wani abu. Tashar a koyaushe tana gaya maka wacece ka ke da ita; aikin shi ne ƙin ɗaukar dukansu a matsayin matsala ɗaya.