Yin alama a tashar VPN ba ya ba da fifiko ga kiran murya
Yin alama a tashar VPN a matsayin fifiko yana ɗaga kira da kwafin ajiya a cikin rami ɗaya. Murya na buƙatar rarrabuwa kafin ɓoyewa da jerin da kuke sarrafawa.
Yin alama a tashar UDP ta VPN a matsayin babban fifiko shi ne canjin QoS na murya da ya fi yawa, kuma ba ya raba kira da canja wurin fayil ɗin da ke raba wannan rami. Dukansu biyu suna fita ta soket ɗin ɓoyayye ɗaya. Alamar tana gaya wa mataki na gaba cewa komai daidai yake da muhimmanci, wanda daidai yake da kada ka gaya masa komai. Abin da ke kare kira shi ne amintaccen rarrabuwa kafin ɓoyewa tare da jerin da kuke sarrafawa da gaske.
Ramin yana ɓoye kwararar da kuke so ku rarraba
Ɓoyewa yana maye gurbin kanun ciki da kanu ɗaya na waje ga kowane rami. Bayan haka, murya da zirga-zirgar kwafin ajiya suna nuna tushe, manufa da tashar jigila ɗaya, don haka mai rarrabuwa da ya dogara da tashar rami ba zai iya bambanta su ba. Duk abin da kuka ɗaga, kuna ɗaga shi gaba ɗaya.
Ƙimar DSCP da aikace-aikacen asali ya saita tana wanzuwa ne kawai idan wani ya kwafa ta waje. OpenVPN 2.6 yana da passtos, wanda aka rubuta tare da iyakar IPv4; IPsec yana amfani da nasa manufar kwafi ko taswira a iyakar rami. Ba tare da wannan matakin ba, ana yi wa fakitin waje alama da duk wani tsoho da keɓaɓɓen rami ke amfani da shi, kuma jerin da ke ƙasa ba ya taɓa sanin cewa kira yana ciki.
Alamun da aka kwafa sun cancanci irin wannan zato kamar kowace ƙimar da abokin ciniki ya bayar. Wurin aiki na iya neman aika gaggawa don aikin kwafin ajiya, don haka karɓa da sake yin alama a iyakar amincewa ya kamata su kasance cikin ƙira kafin a gaskata alamar.
Fifiko yana da muhimmanci kawai inda jerin ke samuwa
Hanyar haɗi ta sama da ta cika ita ce ke mai da kyakkyawan codec muryar mutum-mutumi, kuma jerin da ke cika yawanci yana cikin na'urar shiga ko buffer ɗin mai bayarwa. Siffanta hanyar fita zuwa ƙimar da za a iya amfani da ita, ban da kuɗin rami da haɗi, shi ne ke riƙe wannan jerin a kan kayan aikin da kuke sarrafawa maimakon a buffer ɗin wani.
Jerin adalci da sarrafa jerin aiki suna taimakawa ko da babu aji na murya, domin suna hana kwarara ɗaya mai girma cika buffer. CAKE a Linux yana haɗa siffantawa, adalci ga kowace kwarara da zaɓaɓɓun aji na Diffserv a cikin qdisc ɗaya, kuma manajan cibiyar sadarwar da aka tura ya kamata ya mallaki wannan saitin maimakon wani saitin jerin mai fafatawa. Ba tare da siffantawa ba, aji da ya fi zirga-zirgar girma yana jira a bayan buffer da ya riga ya cika.
Sarrafa abin da ke shigowa ba banza ba ne, amma yana aiki ne bayan fakitin ya ratsa hanyar karɓa. Yana iya yin tasiri ga mai aikawa mai amsawa kuma ba zai iya mayar da jinkirin da aka riga aka kashe a sama ba, don haka ragewa ne ba tabbaci ba.
| Stage | What you can control | What to verify |
|---|---|---|
| Application to client | Which flows are trusted for marking | The marked packets are the ones you intended |
| Tunnel boundary | Whether the inner mark is copied outward | Outer header carries the expected value |
| Your uplink | Shaping rate and class treatment | Queue counters move for the voice class |
| Provider path | Almost nothing | Whether the service enforces the marking at all |
| Receiving side | Local policy after arrival | Delay that is already in the past |
Abin da ke wanzuwa a intanet ɗin jama'a
Ginin Diffserv yana bayanin kulawa a cikin yankunan gudanarwa, shi ya sa mai bayarwa zai iya watsi da alama a kan iyaka ko sake rubuta ta. Akasin maganar, cewa kowace cibiyar sadarwa kullum tana cire ta, ba ta da tushe haka nan. Tambaya ta gaskiya ita ce abin da aka yi yarjejeniya da kuma kula da wannan hanyar ta musamman don yi. Gwada hakan da bincike mai alama maimakon maimaita wata ka'ida da kuka karanta a wani wuri.
Tambayi abin da mai bayarwa yake yi da aji, sannan auna shi. Alamar da aka adana amma ba a tsara ta ba ado ce; hanyar da ke tsarawa ba tare da ganin alamar ba wata matsala ce dabam, kuma duka biyu suna buƙatar gyare-gyare dabam.
Shirin aunawa da ke ware matakin
Yi kira ɗaya na yau da kullum tare da ɗaga mai fafatawa da aka sarrafa, sannan sake maimaita shi a kan haɗin waya. Dubi abin da kiran ya rasa, abin da ma'aunin aji ya rubuta da kuma yadda interfeza ke tafiya kusa da iyakarta ta gaske maimakon saurin kanun shirin.
tc -s qdisc show dev eth0
tc -s class show dev eth0
mtr -rwzbc 50 voice.example.net
Idan ma'aunin aji na murya ya tsaya a sifili, rarrabuwa ko kwafin alama ya lalace kuma babu fifikon da zai taimaka. Idan ma'aunin aji yana motsi a gida yayin da jinkiri ke ci gaba da hawa, matsalar tana bayan ƙofar ku. Babu ɗaya daga cikin sakamakon biyu da ake gyara ta hanyar ƙara ƙimar fifiko.