Sanarwar shiga VPN ba sanarwar kutse ba ce: kula da zama
Shiga da ba a saba ba ya zama dalilin dubawa, ba hukunci ba. Haɗa rikodin tabbatarwa da zama, sannan da abin da zama ya taɓa, kafin ka kira shi kutse.
Sanarwar VPN da ke tashi saboda sabuwar ƙasa tana kama da cikakkiyar hukuma, amma yawanci ba haka ba ce. Tabbatarwa tana faɗin an karɓi wani ƙoƙari; zama yana faɗin wace hanyar sadarwa ce ta ɗauke shi; rikodin albarkatu suna faɗin abin da ya faru cikin wannan hanyar. Kowanne yana amsa tambaya daban. Ƙa'idar da ke haɗa ukun tana samar da tikitin talatin ranar Litinin kuma ta rasa ainihin lamarin ranar Juma'a.
Adireshin waje tambaya ne, ba amsa ba
Tafiya, kamfanonin wayar hannu da ke fita a wata ƙasa, wakilin yanar gizo na kamfani da tafkin NAT na matakin mai ɗaukar nauyi da aka sake sanyawa duk suna motsa tushen da ake gani ba tare da motsa maharin ba. Rikodin shiga yana nuna inda hanyar sadarwa ta shiga cibiyar sadarwa, ba wanda yake riƙe na'urar ba.
Kuskuren juyi ya fi muni domin shi shiru ne. Kalmar sirri da aka sata da aka yi amfani da ita daga birnin mai amfani da kansa tana samar da shiga da ya dace da duk wata shiga da ta gabata a gwajin yanayi.
Ɗaukar yanayi a matsayin hukunci yana da farashi mai aunawa. Kwamfutocin tafi-da-gidanka masu tafiya suna samar da kwararar dubawa akai-akai, masu dubawa suna koyon rufe su ba tare da karantawa ba, kuma al'adar tana dawwama har sai wani lamari na gaske ya iso cikin jerin guda.
Nau'ikan rikodi uku suna amsa tambayoyi uku daban-daban
Fara daga abin da kayan da aka tura suke fitarwa a zahiri, ba daga abin da takardar talla ta nuna za su iya fitarwa ba. Hukuncin tabbatarwa yana ambaton asalin da ake da'awa, hanyar da aka bi, da sakamakon. Zagayowar rayuwar zama tana ambaton hanyar sadarwa, ƙofar shiga da adireshin da aka ba, daga farko har tsayawa.
| Record | Question it answers | What it cannot prove |
|---|---|---|
| Authentication decision | Which identity was accepted or rejected, by which method, at what time | That the person operating the device was the account owner |
| Session lifecycle | Which connection, gateway and assigned address were active, and for how long | What the session did with that access |
| Resource event | Which read, write or denied operation a service observed | Which human behind the session triggered it |
| Policy change | Whether an administrator altered the rule that governs the access | Whether the change was reviewed or intended |
Kwano mara komai rami ne na tattarawa, ba wanke-ka ba. Idan abubuwan da suka faru na albarkatu ba sa zuwa kwata-kwata, rashin karatun da ake tuhuma yana nufin bututun ba shi da abin da zai ba da rahoto, kuma dashboard shiru yana kwatanta bututun ne ba cibiyar sadarwa ba. Rubuta waɗanne rikodi ne turawar ke samarwa a zahiri kafin ka yi alkawarin ƙa'ida da ta dogara da su, kuma ka ambaci mai kowane madaidaicin da ya ɓace.
Bayanan lissafi su ne inda zama ke iya tabbatarwa. Lissafin RADIUS kamar yadda aka bayyana a RFC 2866 yana ɗauke da sabuntawa na farko, tsayawa da na tsaka-tsaki waɗanda aka haɗa da gane zama, don haka zama mai farko ba tare da tsayawa ba rami ne da za ka iya ambata maimakon asiri.
Haɗa akan zama, ba akan sunan mai amfani ba
Asusu ɗaya bisa doka yana riƙe da zama da yawa a lokaci ɗaya: kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, waya, na'urar dakin gwaji da aka bar a haɗa har cikin dare. Haɗa kowane abin da ya faru na wannan sunan mai amfani yana narka na'urori uku cikin labari ɗaya sannan yana karanta haɗin a matsayin cin zarafi. Adireshin da aka ba su ma ana sake amfani da su, don haka haɗin da ke ci gaba da dacewa da adireshi bayan zama ya ƙare yana jan na'urar watan da ya gabata cikin lamarin yau. Riƙe maɓallin zama kusa da adireshin kuma ka iyakance dacewa da lokacin da zama ya yi da shi a zahiri.
Inda fassarar ke cire asalin tushe kafin sabis ya gan shi, yi amfani da asalin da ya tsaya a wannan iyaka, kamar batun TLS na juna ko tabbacin shiga guda ɗaya. Ƙirƙirar haɗi ɗaya-da-ɗaya tsakanin adireshi da mutum kuskure ne ɗaya da ƙarin matakai.
Sanarwa ba tare da mai ita ba dashboard ce
Kowace ƙa'ida tana buƙatar sharadi, bayanin da ba na cutarwa ba da ke haifar da ita, shaidar da za a ɗebo, da mutumin da zai yi aiki. Aikin gudanarwa da aka ƙi akai-akai, fashewar kalmomin sirri da suka kasa, da mai tattarawa shiru al'amura uku ne daban-daban da agogon uku daban-daban.
Sanarwa ba hana ba ce, kuma jerin rarrabawa ba ya taƙaita komai. Canza zama mai rai yana buƙatar sashin da zai iya yin hakan, ko ƙofar shiga ce da ke zubar da hanyar sadarwa ko mai ba da asali da ke soke zama. Tsofaffin kwararar bayanai da rikodin tsayawa da suka ɓace suna cikin rubutun ƙa'idar ma, domin mai tattarawa da bai aika komai ba kwana ɗaya yana kama da cibiyar sadarwa shiru daga dashboard. Bambanci yana bayyana ne kawai a cikin bututun kansa.
Duba hanyar tattarawa kafin ka amince da mako mai shiru
Tabbatar da bututun daga farko har ƙarshe kafin ka daidaita ƙa'ida ɗaya. Umarnin da ke ƙasa suna tabbatar da masu sauraron tabbatarwa da lissafi suna aiki, cewa an ƙi shaidar gwaji saboda dalilin da ya dace, kuma abubuwan da suka faru na zama har yanzu suna zuwa:
ss -uanp | grep -E ':(1812|1813)\b' radtest alice 'not-the-password' 127.0.0.1 0 testing123 journalctl -u openvpn-server@server --since '-30 min' | grep -c 'Peer Connection Initiated' timedatectl | grep -E 'System clock|synchronized'
Access-Reject daga gwajin yana tabbatar da cewa buƙatar ta isa uwar garke kuma asirin da aka raba ya dace, kuma wannan shine ɓangaren da mutane ke tsallakewa. Maimakon haka, lokaci da ya ƙare yana nuni ga asirin, mai sauraro ko tacewa a gabansa, kuma kowace sanarwa da ke ƙasa ba za a iya tabbatarwa ba har sai an gyara hakan.
Yanayin agogo yana da muhimmanci domin tagogin daidaitawa suna ɗaukan yarjejeniya. Ƙofar shiga da ta bambanta da minti kaɗan tana sa haɗin zama mai tsafta ya zama kamar ba zai yiwu ba, kuma masu dubawa suna ramawa ta hanyar faɗaɗa tagogin har sai haɗin ya daina rarrabewa. Duba bambancin kafin ka gyara ƙa'idar.
Sannan ka gwada ƙa'ida ɗaya a ƙarƙashin gwaji marar cutarwa: samar da shiga daga adireshin da ba a zata ba, tabbatar da sanarwar ta tashi, tabbatar da mai amsawa zai iya ɗebo zama da abubuwan albarkatunsa, kuma tabbatar da tikitin yana ɗauke da gane zama. Ƙa'idar da ke samar da labari mai daidaituwa tana wucewa. Ƙa'idar da ke samar da tarin layukan log ɗin har yanzu dashboard ce. Yi rikodin sakamakon a gefen ƙa'idar domin bita na gaba ya fara da shaida ba da zato ba.