VPN biyu a kan kwamfutar Linux ɗaya: gwada kowanne daban ba tare da haɗa sakamakon ba
Alamar kore biyu ba kwatance ba ce. Sanya kowace tunnel a cikin nasa filin suna, rubuta tsammanin tukuna, kuma tabbatar da hanyar kafin ka amince da sakamakon.
Alamun haɗi kore biyu suna kama da kwatance kuma yawanci haɗari ne kawai. Idan buƙatar gwajin ta iya amfani da kowace tunnel daga cikin biyun, sakamakon zai bayyana ɗaya daga cikinsu a mafi kyawu kuma babu ɗaya a mafi muni. Ba kowane abin lura mahallin cibiyar sadarwa, inda aka nufa da kuma tsammanin da aka rubuta kafin gwajin ya gudana. A kan kwamfutar Linux da kake sarrafawa da kanka, wuraren suna na cibiyar sadarwa masu suna su ne hanya mafi arha ta sayen wannan rabuwa.
Fitilu kore biyu ba kwatance ba ne
Filin suna yana raba teburin turawa, mu'amaloli da yanayin tarin cibiyar sadarwa, don haka buƙatar da aka fara a cikin ɗaya ba za ta iya aron tunnel na wani a hankali ba. Abin da ba ya raba shi ne processor, hanyar haɗi ta zahiri ko daemon ɗin warware suna da ke gudana a kan mai masauki. A cikin wannan rata ta ƙarshe ne yawancin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje suke kasawa ba tare da kowa ya lura ba. Binciken da ya fita daga filin suna kuma ya tambayi mai warware suna na mai masauki yana mayar da amsar da ba ta da wata alaƙa da tunnel ɗin da ake gwadawa.
Wannan hanya tana ɗaukan cewa akwai filayen suna biyu na gwaji da aka riga aka shirya kuma aka amince da su, tare da ingantaccen haɗin waje da abokan ciniki da ake tallafawa. Ba ta ƙirƙirar komai ba, ba ta yin rijista ba kuma ba ta maye gurbin wani tsari ba. Na'urorin kama-da-wane daban sun kasance zaɓi na gaskiya lokacin da abokin ciniki ke buƙatar cikakken zaman tebur ko ya ƙi yin aiki a wajensa.
Tsayar da tsammanin kafin gudanarwar farko
Yanke shawara ga kowane mahalli yadda nasara take kamar: mai warware suna, sunan sabis, adireshin da ake tsammani da halin da ake buƙata lokacin da tunnel ɗin ya faɗi. Riƙe waɗannan ƙimar da aka tsara a cikin ginsu na kansu, domin rikodin da ke haɗa shiri da abin lura ƙage ne mai tambarin lokaci. Jerin dubawa da ke ƙasa shi ne siffar da rikodin ke buƙata, kuma dole ne kowane layi ya kasance mai cikawa kafin haɗin farko.
| Tunnel | Owner | Client interface inside the namespace | Proof command | Required on disconnect |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| vpn-a | the identity that owns profile A, recorded by name | its own tun device, never the host's | ip -n vpn-a -4 route get 10.55.10.20 | traffic stops; no host-side fallback |
| vpn-b | a separate owner, even when both run on one box | its own tun device in its own namespace | ip -n vpn-b -4 route get 10.55.20.20 | verified separately, never inferred from A |
Wayar mai warware suna tana buƙatar nata layi a cikin wannan rikodin, domin ita ce filin da ya fi yiwuwar yin ƙarya. Fayilolin da ke da alaƙa da filin suna, kamar /etc/netns/vpn-a/resolv.conf suna bayyana a hanyoyinsu na yau da kullum lokacin da umarni ke gudana a cikin filin suna, kamar yadda bayanin iproute2 game da filayen suna ya bayyana, amma tsarin sauya sabis ɗin suna da duk wani mai warware suna na gida da ya ƙaddamar na iya jawo bincike zuwa ga mai masauki har yanzu.
Tunnel ɗaya a lokaci ɗaya, ɗayan a yanke
Haɗa A ta hannun mai shi na yanzu yayin da B ke ƙasa, sannan duba manufa, hanyoyi da hanyar da aka zaɓa daga mahallin gudanarwa. Uku daga cikin umarnin da ke ƙasa suna karanta yanayi; na ƙarshe kaɗai ne ke tuntuɓar sabis ɗin suna, kuma babu ɗaya daga cikinsu da ke aika buƙatar aikace-aikace.
sudo ip -n vpn-a -4 rule show
sudo ip -n vpn-a -4 route show table all
sudo ip -n vpn-a -4 route get 10.55.10.20
sudo ip netns exec vpn-a getent ahostsv4 svc-a.lab.internalBinciken hanya yana amsa tambaya ta hasashe game da inda ake nufa, don haka ba zai iya nuna cewa sabis ɗin yana karɓar zirga-zirga ba. Riƙe waɗannan nau'ikan shaida biyu a ginsu daban, domin hanya mai lafiya kusa da haɗin da aka ƙi sakamako ne na gaske kuma na yau da kullum. Sannan aika buƙata ɗaya marar lahani da aka ba da izini tare da ainihin aikace-aikacen, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin mahallin A a matsayin mai amfani na yau da kullum marar gata tare da tabbatar da takardar shaida da ingantaccen tabbaci na aikace-aikace, kuma rubuta sakamakon tare da adireshin tushen da sabis ɗin ya gani. Yanke A ta hannun mai shi kuma maimaita dukan tushen layin don B, inda za ka rubuta duk wani canjin tsari da ka yi, in ba haka ba tushen layin biyu ba za su kasance masu kwatantawa ba.
Duka biyu a sama, sannan ɗaya a ƙasa a lokaci ɗaya
Yanayin da ya tsaya cak shi ne ɓangaren mai sauƙi. Da tunnel ɗin biyu a haɗe, maimaita binciken kowane mahalli da buƙatar aikace-aikace, sannan ka karya tunnel ɗaya ka duba ɗayan. Sake haɗawa a jeri na baya lokacin da tsarin haɗin kansa shine tambayar.
sudo ip netns exec vpn-a tcpdump -ni any port 443 -c 5
sudo ip netns exec vpn-b getent ahostsv4 svc-b.lab.internal
sudo ip -n vpn-b -4 route get 10.55.20.20Kamun yana warware muhawara da sakamakon aikace-aikace ba zai iya warwarewa ba: yana nuna ko buƙatar ta fita ta hanyar da kake tsammani, ko ta wani abu daban kwata-kwata. Ga kowace juyi rubuta aikin mai shi, tambarin lokaci, sakamakon hanya, sakamakon suna da sakamakon aikace-aikace. Sannan duba buƙatar rufewa cikin aminci a cikin filin sunan da abin ya shafa, domin keɓewa ba makullin kashewa ba ne. Filin suna yana raba tunnel biyu, amma ba ya hana ɗayansu ɗaukar zirga-zirga lokacin da bayaninsa ya ce zirga-zirgar dole ta tsaya.
Abin da wannan rikodin zai iya da'awa da abin da ba zai iya ba
Nasara tana tabbatar da waɗannan abubuwan lura ga wannan tsari, a kan wannan mai masauki, a wancan lokacin. Ba ta ce komai game da abokan ciniki biyu da ke raba teburin turawa ɗaya na tebur ba, kuma ba ta ce komai game da yawan kwarara yayin da tunnel ɗin biyu ke ɗaukar nauyi. Tambayoyi daban ne da gwaje-gwaje daban, kuma kwatance tana da kyau kamar yadda mahallin da aka makala da kowane layi yake.
Riƙe kasawa a cikin rikodin kusa da nasarori, an yi wa alama da wane tunnel ne a sama a lokacin. Shafi mai tsabta da ke ɓoye yanayin a lokacin awo ya fi muni fiye da marar kyau da ke nuna shi. Abin da ke sa rikodin ya zama mai sake amfani da shi daga baya shi ne mahallin, ba maki ba.
Ana iya kwatanta tunnel biyu a kan kwamfuta ɗaya da gaskiya, amma kawai cikin adadin mahallin da ka sarrafa da gaske. Duk abin da ya wuce haka buri ne da alamar kore a gefensa.