Ana zaɓar sshuttle saboda SSH ya riga ya yi aiki kuma kripto ya zama sananne, kuma wannan tunani ya tsallake tambaya ɗaya tilo da ke yanke shawarar ko ya dace. Waɗanne fakiti ne ke barin na'urar, wane asusu ne ke ɗauke su a wancan gefen, kuma nawa izinin gida ne kayan aikin ke buƙata. Waɗannan amsoshi uku sun bambanta bisa hanyar turawa, don haka tsarin da ke aiki ga aikace-aikace ɗaya zai iya gazawa cikin shiru ga na gaba. Bayanin da ke ƙasa ya fara ne daga protokol ɗin da aikace-aikacen ke buƙata da gaske.

Fara da protokol ɗin da aikace-aikacen ke buƙata

Tallafin protokol a sshuttle 2.0 ya dogara da hanyar da ka zaɓa. Hanyoyin NAT da nft na Linux suna kula da TCP da DNS, kuma TPROXY yana ƙara UDP na gama-gari. Kowace dandamali da hanya tana da iyakokinta, kuma macOS yana tsinkaya ta wata hanya daban. Rubuta sigar da aka shigar, hanyar da aka zaɓa da protokol ɗin da aikace-aikacen ke buƙata kafin ka zaɓi wani abu.

Don haka buƙatar TCP da ke aiki ba ta tabbatar da komai ba game da aikace-aikacen UDP ko kowane binciken DNS. sshuttle kuma yana ɗaukar TCP a matsayin kwarara maimakon tunne dukkan fakiti na IP, don haka sakamakon saurin da aka aro daga VPN na al'ada ba ya ƙaura. Kwatanta hanyar da kake aiwatarwa da gaske da nauyin da kake da shi da gaske.

ApproachWhat it carriesWhat it needs locally
SSH local forwardOne explicitly named TCP destinationNothing beyond the SSH client
sshuttle, nft or nat methodTCP and DNS to the routed prefixesRoot or sudo for firewall rules
sshuttle, tproxy methodTCP, DNS and general UDPRoot or sudo, and kernel support
IP VPNRouted IP traffic in a tunnelA client with the required privileges

Abin da abokin ciniki ke buƙata a gida

Tsarin abokin ciniki da aka rubuta yana buƙatar root ko sudo, saboda yana girka dokokin tsinkaya na gida maimakon ƙirƙirar fuskar tunnel. Wannan gaskiya ɗaya tana canza labarin tsaro: tsari mai wannan izinin zai iya juya zirga-zirgar dukan na'urar, ba aikace-aikace ɗaya kaɗai ba. Ka ɗauki izinin a matsayin ɓangaren ƙira ba bayanin girka ba.

Tabbatar da waɗanne dokoki kayan aikin ya girka da kuma cewa suna ɓacewa idan ya fita. Zama da ya faɗi ya bar dokokin tsinkaya zai iya tura zirga-zirga cikin rami mai duhu da daɗewa bayan mai gudanarwa ya yi tsammanin haɗin ya tafi, kuma alamar tana kama da lalacewar cibiyar sadarwa ba dokokin da suka rage ba.

sudo sshuttle --method nft --dns 172.19.4.0/24
nft list ruleset | grep -i sshuttle
ip route

Umarni na farko shi ne siffar kira ta yau da kullum, tare da prefix ɗin da kake buƙata da gaske. Na biyu yana nuna abin da kayan aikin ya girka, kuma na uku yana tabbatar da cewa babu fuskar tunnel da ta bayyana, wanda shi ne sakamakon da ake tsammani ga wannan ƙira.

Abin da gefen nesa ke gudanarwa

Gefen nesa asusu ne na SSH da aka ba da izini tare da yanayin mataimaki na Python da ya dace. Shiga da ke yin nasara a cikin shell mai iyaka ba ya ba da izinin gudanar da wannan mataimaki kai tsaye, kuma asusun da zai iya gudanar da mataimakin ba ya isa kowace sabis ɗin da aka yi niyya kai tsaye. Duk waɗannan gaskiyoyi suna cikin buƙatar shiga ba a cikin bayanan warware matsala ba.

Kare tabbatar da asalin mai masauki da tantancewar asusu. Karɓar maɓallin mai masauki da ba a sani ba don haɗin farko ya yi aiki yana cire tabbacin cewa gefen nesa shi ne na'urar da ka nufa, kuma wannan a nan ya fi muhimmanci fiye da turawa don manufa ɗaya.

Iyakance asusun nesa ga sabis ɗin da aikin ke buƙata, kuma tattauna wannan iyaka da waɗanda ke gudanar da mai masaukin. Su ɓangare ne na dangantakar amincewa, kuma babu wani saiti a gefen abokin ciniki da zai canza hakan.

Inda iyakar amincewa take

Tura haɗin API na sirri ta SSH ba ya ba da izini ga kowane aikin API. TLS na aikace-aikacen da shiga aikace-aikacen har yanzu suna aiki, kuma kayan aikin ba zai iya sa sabis marar tantancewa ta zama lafiya ba. Har ila yau tsalle daga mai masaukin nesa ba kai tsaye ba ne yanki ɗaya mai kariya da tashar SSH, saboda wannan haɗi na biyu yana bin duk manufar da mai masaukin nesa ke da ita.

Rubuta iyakar a matsayin jumla ɗaya: zirga-zirga zuwa waɗannan prefix ɗin tana fita ta wannan asusu a wancan mai masaukin. Idan jumlar tana buƙatar sakin layi na keɓancewa, ƙirar tana yin fiye da abin da takardunta ke da'awa kuma ta cancanci dubawa ta biyu kafin ta isa samarwa.

Tabbatar da shi bisa kowane protokol, sannan zaɓi kayan aikin

Gwada kowace protokol da ake buƙata da buƙata marar lahani, ciki har da hanyar mai warwarewa da dangin adireshin da aikace-aikacen ke amfani da su. Haɗa katsewa a cikin gwajin, domin halin gazawar da aka yarda da shi ya zama sanannen sakamako maimakon mamaki yayin aukuwa. Zama da ya tura daidai yayin da yake aiki ba ya faɗin komai game da abin da ke faruwa bayan ya faɗi.

Ga wasu sabis ɗin da aka ambata sunansu a fili, turawa ta gida ta yau da kullum ta fi sauƙin mallaka da sauƙin dubawa. Ga zirga-zirgar aikace-aikacen da ya dace da hanyarsa, sshuttle yana ba da hanyar tsakiya ta halal. Idan buƙatar ita ce haɗin IP mai faɗi, ƙirar VPN ita ce amsa ta gaskiya, kuma zaɓin yana bin rufewa da alhakin aiki ba jerin algorithms ɗin ɓoyewa ba.

Labarai masu alaƙa