Tsarin VPN na jama'a ya daina aiki? Karanta matakin gazawa

Furofil ɗin yana aiki ranar Talata, kuma ranar Juma'a abokin ciniki yana juyawa tsawon daƙiƙa talatin sannan ya daina. Babu abin da ya canza a na'urarka. Wannan shi ne ainihin batun: tsarin da aka sauke yana bayanin mai masauki ɗaya a wani lokaci ɗaya, kuma ma'aikacin da ke wancan gefen ba shi da wani wajibi ya riƙe wannan bayanin gaskiya. Abin sha'awa shi ne ka fara gyara saitunan tsaro har sai ramin ya dawo. Wannan dabi'a ce ta sa mutane su ƙare suna gudanar da furofil daurin tabbatar da takardar shaida a kashe, wanda ya fi muni da rashin rami kwata-kwata.

Fayil ɗin yana bayanin lokaci, ba yarjejeniya ba

Fayil ɗin tsari tarin tabbaci ne: wannan sunan mai masauki yana saurara a wannan tashar da wannan ka'ida, yana gabatar da takardar shaida da ta dace da wannan suna, kuma yana karɓar waɗannan bayanan shiga. Da zarar ɗaya daga cikinsu ya daina zama gaskiya, fayil ɗin ya tsufa kuma gyaran ya rataya a gefen ma'aikacin kan iyaka, ba a cikin saitunanka ba.

Jerin nodes na jama'a suna bayyana hakan a fili bisa ga yanayinsu. Masu sa kai ne ke tafiyar da nodes, suna bayyana kuma suna ɓacewa, ana sake amfani da adireshi kuma cibiyar sadarwar da suke bayanta tana toshe tashoshi. Jerin hoton lokaci ne da ake sake ƙirƙira, kuma kwafin da ke kan faifanka hoto ne na wani hoton lokaci da ya gabata.

Ayyukan kasuwanci suna canzawa a hankali, amma ba har abada ba. Hukumomin takardar shaida suna juyawa, mai sauraro yana ƙaura daga adireshin da aka raba zuwa na musamman, ana janye tsohuwar ka'ida kuma sabon jerin sirri yana zuwa. Kowanne daga cikinsu ganuwa ne har sai abokin cinikinka ya gwada haɗi ya sami amsa daban da wadda fayil ɗin ke tsammani.

Karanta matakin gazawa kafin ka taɓa wani saiti

Saƙon kuskure yana faɗin wace tabbaci ta karye, kuma kowace tabbaci tana da gyara daban. Gyara sirri lokacin da sunan mai masauki ba ya warwarewa yana ɓata la'asar kuma ba ya koyar da kowa komai.

dig +short vpn.example.net
curl -sS -o /dev/null -w 'connect=%{time_connect} tls=%{time_appconnect}\n' --max-time 8 https://vpn.example.net:443/
openssl s_client -connect vpn.example.net:443 -servername vpn.example.net -brief </dev/null

Layin tsakiya yana raba hanyar da aka toshe da musafaha da ya karye, kuma na uku yana nuna mai bayarwa da kwanakin ingancin takardar shaidar da ake gabatarwa a zahiri. Idan wannan mai bayarwa ba shine wanda furofil ɗin ya lika ba, takardar shaidar ta canza, kuma babu wani zaɓi na gefen abokin ciniki da zai sake mai da tsohon liki daidai.

Canje-canjen takardar shaida da asali su ne masu shiru

Yawancin gazawa suna sanar da kansu. Canje-canjen asali ba sa yin haka, domin abokin ciniki da ya lika sunan takardar shaida zai ƙi sabuwar takardar shaida mai kyau sosai da saƙon da mutane da yawa suke karantawa a matsayin kuskuren manhaja. Ramin yana da kyau. Likin ya tsufa.

Nemi zaɓuɓɓukan asali kafin ka yanke wani hukunci:

grep -nE '^(remote|proto|auth|verify-x509-name|tls-crypt|key-direction|ca) ' profile.ovpn
openssl x509 -in profile-ca.crt -noout -subject -dates

Idan furofil ɗin yana ɗauke da CA da aka saka kuma ma'aikacin ya koma wata hukuma sabuwa, tsohon fayil ɗin ba zai iya tabbatar da sabon uwar garke ba. Maye gurbin rukunin CA da wanda ma'aikacin ya wallafa gyara ne bisa doka. Share umarnin tabbatarwa ba haka ba ne, kuma danna maɓalli ɗaya ne da sakamako mabambanta.

Haɓaka abokin ciniki na iya haifar da wannan alamar ba tare da wani canji daga ma'aikacin ba. Zaɓuɓɓukan da aka jure su a shiru yanzu ana ƙi su, ko kuma an cire tsohuwar ka'ida. Wannan iyakar jituwa ce a cikin manhajarka, kuma ya dace ka gwada wani furofil a kan wannan abokin ciniki kafin ka zargi uwar garken.

Ma'aikaci ne kaɗai zai iya wallafa ingantaccen maye gurbi

Lokacin da node ya ɓace, maye gurbin dole ya fito daga tushen da ya wallafa na asali. Furofil da ke zuwa cikin saƙo kai tsaye domin «yana amfani da sunan uwar garke ɗaya» tsari ne da ba a tabbatar da shi ba daga wani ɓangare da ba a sani ba, kuma shigo da shi yana ba wannan ɓangaren iko kan hanyoyin sadarwarka.

Dubawa ba ta da tsada. Kawo fayil ɗin yanzu daga wurin da aka wallafa, kwatanta ƙarshen wuri da ka'ida da jerin, kuma tabbatar da sawun yatsa na kayan CA maimakon amincewa da sunan fayil ɗin:

curl -sS -o current.ovpn https://example.org/nodes/current.ovpn
sha256sum current.ovpn profile.ovpn
grep -nE '^(remote|proto) ' current.ovpn

Idan hashes biyu sun bambanta a cikin sarari kawai, kana da canjin tsari. Idan sun bambanta a ƙarshen wurare, ma'aikacin ya motsa wani abu kuma fayil ɗin da aka wallafa shine hukuma. Idan fayil ɗin da aka wallafa ya tsufa fiye da naka, wataƙila kana kallon ajiya, kuma tsohuwar amsar za ta tura ka cikin alkiblar da ba daidai ba.

Janye tsohon shigarwar kuma rubuta abin da ya faru

Da zarar an tabbatar da maye gurbi mai aiki, share tsohon furofil maimakon ajiye shi a matsayin madadin. Tsohon shigarwar da ke haɗi rabi tarko ne: za a zaɓe shi lokacin tsayawa, zai yi gazawa a hankali, kuma wanda ke gyara zai shafe minti goma na farko a kan fayil ɗin da ba daidai ba.

Riƙe ɗan taƙaitaccen rikodi a wajen tsarin: kwanan wata, tsohon ƙarshen wuri, matakin gazawa da abin da ya maye gurbinsa. Nodes na jama'a suna canzawa, kuma bayan makonni shida wannan tambayar ta zo da wani mutum. Layi ɗaya a cikin fayil ɗin rubutu yana amsa ta cikin daƙiƙa.

Idan daga wata cibiyar sadarwa kowane node ya gaza iri ɗaya kuma daga wata babu wanda ya gaza, daina gyara furofil ɗin ka duba hanyar cikin gida. Ƙofar kama, kewayon tasha da aka tace ko wakili mai tsangwama za su haifar da kuskure iri ɗaya a wajen masu bayarwa da ba su da alaƙa, kuma wannan salon shine kaɗai alamar cewa matsalar ba ta taɓa kasancewa a cikin fayil ɗin ba.