Abin da persist-tun da persist-key suke tsira da shi a OpenVPN
Duk zaɓuɓɓukan biyu suna rufe sake farawa mai laushi a cikin tsari mai rai. Ba sa riƙe mu'amala bayan tsayawa, kuma ba manufar toshe zirga-zirga ba ce.
Dakatar da sabis ɗin yana cire mu'amalar ko da an sa persist-tun. Wannan shine zaɓin da ke aiki kamar yadda aka rubuta, ba gazawa ba. Zaɓin yana bayanin hanyar sake farawa ɗaya a cikin tsari mai gudana, kuma systemctl stop ba ita ce wannan hanya ba.
Karanta sunayen biyu tare kuma ƙirar ta bayyana. Ɗaya yana riƙe da kwatance, ɗayan yana riƙe da kayan maƙalli, kuma duka suna wanzuwa saboda abin da ke faruwa bayan an bar gata.
Albarkatun biyu da sake saitin da suke cikinsa
OpenVPN yana nuna nasa sake farawa a cikin yanayi biyu na yau da kullum. SIGUSR1 bayyananne yana yin haka, kuma ping-restart wanda abokin da ya mutu ya haifar yana yin iri ɗaya. Duka biyu suna barin tsarin da rai kuma suna sake gudanar da saitin haɗin, kuma a nan ne zaɓuɓɓukan suka cancanci matsayinsu.
| Event | TUN/TAP device | Key and auth files | Addresses and routes | up/down hooks |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Soft reset, from SIGUSR1 or from a ping-restart the daemon sends itself | survives only with persist-tun | survive only with persist-key | survive with the device, otherwise rebuilt | run again only when restart hooks are enabled |
Configuration reload, SIGHUP | recreated | re-read from disk | rebuilt once the device returns | run again |
| Service stop | lost | re-read at the next start | removed | run at the next start |
Layin sake farawa mai laushi ne kawai abin da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan biyu ke canzawa, kuma aikin da suke tsallake shi ne ɓangaren mai tsada a kan hanyar da ke cike da aiki. Sake buɗe na'ura yana wargaza adiresoshin da hanyoyin da ke manne da ita, kuma sake gina su na iya zubar da fakiti da suke kan hanya lokacin da sake farawar ya fara. Tsayawa tana lalata irin waɗannan abubuwan ba tare da wani zaɓi na kiyaye su ba.
Me ya sa zaɓuɓɓukan suke wanzuwa kwata-kwata
Ingantaccen sabar OpenVPN yawanci yana farawa a matsayin root, yana buɗe maƙallansa da na'urarsa, sannan ya koma ga mai amfani mara gata. Bayan wannan komawa, wasu ayyuka sun ɓace kawai. Karanta fayil ɗin maƙalli mai yanayin 0600, ƙirƙirar mu'amalar cibiyar sadarwa ko canza hanyoyi duk ana iya ƙin su.
Ba tare da zaɓuɓɓukan persist ba, abokin da ya yi shiru har ya isa ya haifar da ping-restart zai tilasta waɗancan ayyukan daidai. Sake haɗawa zai kasa ko da babu abin da ya canza a cikin tsarin. Tsarin zai yi kama da yana mutuwa ba tare da dalili ba, kuma log ɗin zai nuna kuskuren izini maimakon kuskuren cibiyar sadarwa.
Tare da su, sake farawa mai laushi yana sake amfani da abin da matakin gata ya riga ya samu. Babu wata sihiri a ciki kuma tsarin ba ya tsira daga komai. Samar da albarkatu kawai an jinkirta shi.
Karanta kuskure na farko, ba na ƙarshe ba
Lokacin da sake farawa ya kasa, karanta kuskure na farko maimakon na ƙarshe. Maƙalli mai kariya, fayil ɗin auth, ioctl na mu'amala da ƙugiya ta waje albarkatu huɗu ne daban-daban. Riƙe ɗaya ba ya faɗin komai game da damar zuwa sauran. Ƙugiya da ke kiran kayan aikin firewall har yanzu tana buƙatar gatun da kayan aikin ke buƙata.
Ƙugiyoyi suna da nasu maɓalli. Littafin jagora na OpenVPN yana haɗa zaɓuɓɓukan persist da up-restart, wanda ke yanke shawara ko rubutun up da down za su sake gudana bayan sake farawa. Don haka mu'amalar da ta tsaya tana ba ka komai game da ko haɗin resolver ɗinka ya sabunta.
# which restart path just happened?
journalctl -u openvpn-client@office --since '10 min ago' | grep -E 'SIGUSR1|ping-restart|Restart pause|NOTE:'
# did the interface survive, and do its routes still exist?
ip -brief link show tun0
ip route show dev tun0
Waɗannan umarnin biyu suna raba hanyoyin gazawa biyu cikin daƙiƙa. Mu'amalar da take nan amma hanyoyin sun ɓace matsalar ƙugiya ce ko hanya. Mu'amalar da ta ɓace tana nufin tsarin ya ƙare da gaske.
Mu'amalar da aka kiyaye ba kill switch ba ce
Idan buƙatar ita ce zirga-zirga ba za ta taɓa fita daga ramin ba, na'urar da aka kiyaye ba ta bayar da hakan. Hanyoyin don ɗayan dangin adireshi, hanyar tsoho ta biyu, da yanayin da tsarin zai fita gaba ɗaya duk suna waje da iyakar zaɓin.
Bi da buƙatun biyu daban. Riƙe abin ramin a tsakanin sake haɗawa jin daɗi ne ga daemon. Toshe fitarwa lokacin da ramin ya faɗi manufar firewall ce mai nata dokoki da nata gwajin. Haɗa su yana haifar da tsari mai kama da kariya kuma yana yin kamar sake haɗawa da ƙoƙari mafi kyau.
Ba da sunan abin da ya faru kafin gano shi. Sake farawa mai laushi, yunƙurin haɗi da ya kasa, da dakatar da sabis abubuwa uku ne da halaye uku, kuma na farko ne kawai abin da waɗannan zaɓuɓɓukan suke bayanawa.