Disk ɗin da aka haɗa ta VPN na wuri: DNS, SMB da hanyar UNC
Gano cibiyar sadarwa ba ya ƙetare hanyar da aka yi routed, amma hanyar UNC mai suna tana ƙetarewa. Nuna DNS ga uwar garke, buɗe SMB a ɓangarorin biyu, sannan ka haɗa disk ɗin.
Shafin Cibiyar Sadarwa a cikin Explorer yana nuna na'urorin da suka sanar da kansu a ɓangaren gida, kuma ramin da aka yi routed ba ya ɗaukar ɗaya daga cikin waɗancan sanarwar. Shi ya sa uwar garke za ta iya kasancewa da isarsu gaba ɗaya yayin da taga da ke gaban mai amfani ta kasance fanko. Hanyar UNC mai suna ba ta dogara da ganowa kwata-kwata, kuma maganin shi ne a sa sunan ya warware kuma tashar ta amsa. Fankon taga alama ce ta layin da bai dace ba, ba na rabon da ya lalace ba.
Ganowa ba ɗaya ba ne da isa
Windows yana gano injina na kusa ta hanyar ka'idojin da aka tsara don yankin watsa, sannan ya nuna abin da ya samu a matsayin jeri na sauƙi. Babu wani abu a cikin wannan jeri da ake buƙata don samun fayil ɗin SMB. Abokin ciniki da ya san sunan uwar garke kuma ya isa TCP 445 zai buɗe rabon, ko injin ya taɓa bayyana a Cibiyar Sadarwa ko a'a.
Layukan biyu suna gazawa daban-daban, don haka "ba na ganinsa" da "ba zan iya buɗe shi ba" sun cancanci gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Kallon jeri yana faɗi game da ganowa; buɗe hanyar yana faɗi game da sabis.
Ba wa uwar garke suna kafin ka haɗa rabon
Bugawa uwar garken fayil a cikin DNS tare da adireshin da take da shi a wancan gefen, sannan ka nuna wurin abokin ciniki ga resolver da zai iya amsawa ga wannan yankin. Cikakken suna yana guje wa dogaro da jerin ƙarin bincike na gida, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya saba sa gajeren suna yin aiki a wuri ɗaya kuma ya kasa a wani.
Idan yanayin yana amfani da Active Directory, warware suna ma ɓangare ne na tabbatarwa: abokin ciniki dole ne ya isa mai kula da yanki don Kerberos, kuma agogon da ya yi nesa da juna zai sa musayar tikiti ta kasa. Wannan wata matsala ce dabam da isar SMB kuma tana kama da kuskuren shaidar shiga. Gwada mai kula da yankin kafin ka sake rubuta kalmar sirri.
| Layer | What it needs | Symptom when missing |
|---|---|---|
| Name resolution | A DNS answer for the server name | Path cannot be found, ping by IP still works |
| Transport | TCP 445 open in both directions | Connection times out or is refused |
| Authentication | A reachable domain controller and correct clock | Access is denied after the port connects |
| Authorization | Share permission and filesystem permission | The share opens but the folder is inaccessible |
Hanya da tacewa a ɓangarorin biyu
Ramin wuri-zuwa-wuri yana buƙatar prefix mai nisa a cikin teburin hanya na gida da prefix na gida a cikin na nisa, kuma dole bangon wuta a kowane ɓangare ya ba da izinin zirga-zirgar da ke zuwa. Tsarin gefe ɗaya yana haifar da haɗin da yake buɗewa kuma ba ya amsawa har abada, wanda masu amfani suka kwatanta da rabo mai jinkiri. Da farko duba ƙididdiga na ramin da kansa. Idan fakiti suna fita kuma babu abin da ke dawowa, nemi hanyar dawowa ko tacewar nesa.
A cikin WireGuard, dole IP ɗin da aka yarda na abokin tarayya da hanyoyin tsarin aiki su dace da wannan ƙira. Ramin yana ɗaukar fakiti; ba ya bayar da rikodin DNS ko izinin rabo a kowane ɓangare.
Ka kafa ka'idar bangon wuta a kan ainihin cibiyar sadarwar tushen da za ta haɗa, kuma ka rubuta keɓewar. Idan ƙirar tana fassara adireshi a wani wuri a kan hanya, dole ka'idar ta yi amfani da tushen da aka fassara, kuma ba a ƙara ganin adireshin asalin abokin ciniki a cikin rajistan ayyukan.
Tabbatar, sannan ka haɗa disk ɗin
Sauka cikin layukan da umarni maimakon taga Explorer:
Resolve-DnsName -Name files.corp.example -Type A
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName files.corp.example -Port 445
net use Z: \\files.corp.example\Projects /persistent:no
Umarni na biyu yana tabbatar da hanyar TCP, ba haƙƙin karanta wani abu ba. Na uku shi ne wurin da ake aiwatar da tabbatarwa da izini, kuma gazawa a nan ya kamata ta tura ka zuwa izinin rabo da tsarin fayil, ba komawa ga na'urar hanya ba.
Ka kiyaye sa hannun SMB da manufar tabbatarwa da ke akwai ba tare da canzawa ba. Sake kunna SMB1 ko aika watsa ganowa ta cikin ramin ba a buƙata don bayyanannen hanya, kuma TCP 445 ya kamata ya kasance a kan hanyar sirri ba a kan turawa zuwa intanet ba. Ba wa masu amfani gajeriyar hanyar da ake sarrafawa ko disk ɗin da aka haɗa zuwa sunan da aka amince, kuma shafin Cibiyar Sadarwa fanko ba ya da muhimmanci kuma.