Huawei QinQ zuwa VSI: Duba Tarin Tag Kafin Ka Sanya

Kasashe biyu suna lissafin mafi yawan karyewar QinQ handoffs a cikin VSI, kuma babu wanda ya nuna sama a matsayin keɓaɓɓen dubawa. Ko dai tashar ingress ta ci alamar abokin ciniki kafin rarrabuwa ta iya ganin ta, ko kuma an ɗaure da'irar abin da aka makala zuwa VSI wanda ƙarshen ƙarshen bai taɓa shiga ba. Daga gefen abokin ciniki biyun suna kama da juna: da'irar tana ba da rahoton sama kuma babu firam ɗin da ke ƙetare. Yi aiki ta cikin cak guda huɗu na ƙasa a cikin tsari, kuma ku tsaya a farkon inda firam ɗin da kuke gani ya bambanta da firam ɗin da kuka rubuta.

Rubuta tambarin alamar kafin ka taɓa na'urar

Zaɓi sabis na wakilci ɗaya kuma bayyana shi azaman firam, ba azaman tsari ba. Don sabis ɗin da ke riƙe VLANs 100 da 200 na abokin ciniki a cikin VLAN 900, kwangilar gajere ce: firam ɗin shiga suna ɗaukar alamar abokin ciniki ɗaya, mai bada sabis yana ƙara alamar sabis guda ɗaya, alamar abokin ciniki yana tsira ba a taɓa shi ba.

customer to provider:  [ C-tag 100 | payload ]
provider inside:       [ S-tag 900 ][ C-tag 100 | payload ]
provider to customer:  [ C-tag 100 | payload ]

Rubuta hanyar dawowa kuma, saboda kwangilar da kawai ke bayanin shiga za ta wuce gwajin hanya ɗaya kuma ta kasa samarwa. Ƙarshe mai nisa dole ne ya mika wa abokin ciniki firam ɗin da abokin ciniki ke tsammani, wanda ke nufin aikinsa na pop dole ne ya zama ainihin sabanin turawa. Duk wani abu da ba shi da ma'ana a cikin wannan bayanin yanke shawara ne da ba ku yi ba tukuna.

Duba wasan ingress tukuna

Rarraba yana faruwa kafin kowane aikin alamar, kuma yana iya dacewa da abin da ya zo kawai. Tabbatar da ko an saita tashar jiragen ruwa azaman hanyar shiga, akwati ko matasan, waɗanne nau'ikan firam ɗin da yake karɓa, da abin da mai gano tashar tashar VLAN ke yi zuwa firam mara alama. A kan tashar shiga tashar abokin ciniki an cire alamar abokin ciniki lokacin isowa, don haka wata doka ta baya wacce ta dace da C-tag 100 ba ta da wani abin da ya rage don daidaitawa kuma sabis ɗin ya shiga yankin watsa shirye-shirye mara kyau ba tare da wani kuskure ba.

Ɗaukar hoto a gefen mai bada yana daidaita wannan a cikin daƙiƙa guda: daidaitaccen firam ɗin QinQ yana nuna alamomi guda biyu, kuma firam mai alama ɗaya a wurin yana nufin alamar ciki ta cinye.

Bincika abin da aikin alamar ke yi a zahiri

Stacking da fassarar ayyuka daban-daban ne kuma dandamali suna fallasa su azaman abubuwa daban-daban. Stacking yana tura alamar waje kuma ya bar na ciki shi kaɗai, wanda shine abin da kwangilar da ke sama ke buƙata. Fassara yana sake rubuta alama ɗaya zuwa wani, wanda ingantaccen ƙira ne amma yana samar da firam daban-daban akan waya. Wasu iyalai kuma suna buƙatar kunna QinQ a sarari akan tashar jiragen ruwa kafin dokar tari ta fara aiki, kuma ana iya daidaita TPID na waje tsakanin ƙimar 802.1Q da 802.1ad.

Hanyar dawowa ta cancanci kulawa daidai. Idan ka'idar egress ta fito da alamar waje a kan mahaɗin ƙasa guda ɗaya amma wani ɓangaren ƙasa daban yana ɗauke da amsa ba tare da ka'ida ta dace ba, abokin ciniki yana ganin watsa aiki kuma ya mutu yana karɓa.

Bincika daurin sabis, ba lambar dubawa ba

Ana gano VSI ta hanyar sabis ɗinta da masu gano keɓaɓɓiyar kewayawa, kuma dole ne takwarorinsu suyi amfani da madaidaitan dabi'u kafin fom ɗin pseudowire. Sa'an nan kuma da'irar abin da aka makala ta ɗaure waccan VSI zuwa takamaiman tashar jiragen ruwa da VLAN, wanda keɓaɓɓen bayani ne daga ƙa'idar da ta rarraba firam ɗin. Lambar ƙasa da ke da kyau ba ta tabbatar da komai ba game da ɗaurewa.

Bincika pseudowire jihar da kuma abin da aka makala-circuit daban, da kuma duba zaman siginar da ke ɗauke da pseudowire. Biyu daga cikin ukun na iya samun lafiya yayin da na ukun ba shi da lafiya, kuma wanda ke ƙasa ya gaya muku gefen da za ku gyara.

Warewa alkawari ne daban. Tsayar da alamun abokin ciniki a cikin VSI guda ɗaya baya raba abokan ciniki daga juna, saboda koyan MAC ya shafi duka misali; idan kwangilar ta ce keɓewa, tana buƙatar misalai daban-daban ko ƙayyadaddun manufofin kowane-VLAN.

Bincika girman kasafin kuɗi sannan tabbatar da kwangilar

Tambarin waje yana ƙara bytes huɗu, kuma pseudowire encapsulation yana ƙara tambarin lakabi da yuwuwar kalmar sarrafawa a saman wancan. Saka duka a cikin kasafin MTU da MRU akan na'urori masu ba da hanya guda biyu, kuma kar a kashe kalmar sarrafawa kawai don yin shiru da faɗakarwa mai girma, tunda ƙarshen yana iya buƙatarsa. Ajiye hanyar gudanarwa wanda bai dogara da sabis ɗin da kuke canzawa ba.

Sannan gwada shari'o'i uku a haɗe-haɗe na abokin ciniki: na farko da aka shigar da C-VLAN a duka kwatance, na biyu ya shigar da C-VLAN, da VLAN da kwangilar ta ce dole ne a ƙi. Kula da firam maimakon karanta jihohin mu'amala, kuma maimaita bayan kowane canji ga ƙa'idar alamar.

Wani sama VSI kawai ya ce pseudowire ya kafa. Ba ya cewa komai game da ko firam ɗin da ya ketare shi shine firam ɗin da abokin ciniki ya biya.