Tambayoyi uku ne ke yanke shawara, kuma uku kawai. Shin abokin ciniki yana ƙirƙirar shigarwar haɗi a cikin tsarin aiki da ke tsayawa bayan sake kunnawa? Shin yana ba da layin umarni da zai iya ɗaukar sirri daga wani abu banda jerin hujjojinsa? Shin buƙatnsa na ainihi yana tilasta mutum amsa tambayar burauza? Amsa su a wannan jeri kuma zaɓin ya daina zama batun ɗanɗano, domin aikin da aka tsara zai iya zama marar kai kawai gwargwadon abin da mafi rauni daga amsoshin uku ya yarda.

Daidaita abokin ciniki da matakai uku masu iya rubutu

Bayanan martaba na asali na OS, CLI na mai siyarwa, abokin ciniki na GUI kawai da abokin ciniki na SSO na burauza suna buƙatar hanyoyi huɗu daban-daban. Biyun farko suna tsayawa bayan sake kunnawa ba tare da kulawa ba, kuma sake kunnawa ba tare da kulawa ba shine duk manufar. Sauran biyun suna buƙatar shawarar ƙira kafin su buƙaci rubutu.

What the client exposesWhat to scriptWhat still bites
OS-native connection entryrasdial, scutil --nc, nmcliTunnel is up before DNS and routes settle
Vendor CLI reading stdinCLI wrapped by the scheduler, secret from the credential storePrompt text changes between releases
GUI onlyPinned version plus a state assertionLocale and DPI break the click targets

Hanya ta farko: tsarin aiki ya riga ya mallaki bayanin martaba

Wannan ita ce hanya mafi arha kuma wadda yawancin mutane ke mantawa da ita. A Windows rasdial "Office" yana haɗawa kuma rasdial "Office" /disconnect yana rufe shi; rasphone -d "Office" yana tafiyar da wannan shigarwa ta hanyar mu'amalar bugawa. macOS yana lissafa ayyukan da aka adana da scutil --nc list kuma yana fara ɗaya da scutil --nc start. Linux yana ba da aikin ga NetworkManager.

rasdial "Office" user *
scutil --nc start "Office"
nmcli connection up id Office
nmcli -t -f GENERAL.STATE connection show Office

Waɗannan mu'amaloli sun san bayanan martaba da OS ke mallaka kawai, don haka ba za su iya tafiyar da wani abokin ciniki na ɓangare na uku ba. Idan bayanin martabar ba ya nan, ƙirƙira shi sau ɗaya kuma bar rubutun ya duba shi maimakon sake ƙirƙira shi a kowane gudu. Sanya rubutun ya zama idempotent: karanta halin yanzu, haɗa kawai idan an cire haɗi, sannan gwada sunan sirri da aikin ke buƙata da gaske.

Hanya ta biyu: mai siyarwa yana ba da layin umarni

Wasu abokan ciniki suna bayyana isasshen layin umarni da za a nannade su: Cisco AnyConnect yana da mataimaki na haɗi kawai tsawon shekaru, kuma OpenConnect yana magana da ka'idojin AnyConnect da GlobalProtect da Pulse daga binary ɗaya. Abin da ake buƙata ba jerin tutoci ba ne, amma inda sirrin ke fitowa, domin kalmar sirri a jerin hujjoji duk wanda zai iya lissafa tafiyoyin aiki zai iya karantawa.

printf '%s\n' "$VPN_PASS" | openconnect --protocol=anyconnect \
  --user "$VPN_USER" --passwd-on-stdin vpn.example.com

FortiClient da wasu gine-ginen GlobalProtect ba su da CLI da aka tallafa kwata-kwata, kuma abokin ciniki na al'umma ko maye gurbin lasisi na mai siyarwa shawara ce ta saye, ba hanyar kuɓuta ba. A CI, ba da waɗannan haƙƙoƙin asusun sabis akan wannan binary ɗin daidai ba shell ba, domin hujjar da aka allura ba za ta iya zama umarnin root ba.

Hanya ta uku: sarrafa GUI, da kuma dalilin da ya sa ita ce ta ƙarshe

Lokacin da abokin ciniki na hukuma ba shi da mu'amala, rubuce-rubuce suna danna maɓalli ta saƙonnin taga ko SendKeys. Wannan yana da rauni ga siga da harshe, yana iya barin zama mai rabin haɗi, kuma yana kasawa a shiru idan akwatin tattaunawa ya bayyana a cikin harshen da bai dace ba. Idan ka ɗauki wannan hanyar, liƙa sigar abokin cinikin, tabbatar da halin haɗin da ya haifar daga baya, kuma riƙe hanyar da aka rubuta ta hannu kusa da rubutun.

Irin wannan taka tsantsan ya shafi cire haɗin abokin ciniki da ƙarfi ta hanyar kashe tsarinsa. Tilin zai iya rayuwa fiye da tsarin, ko mai kulawa zai iya sake kunna shi, don haka kashe-da-sake-kunnawa shima ba tabbataccen sake saiti ba ne.

Abin da ke lalacewa bayan tilin ya tashi

Bugawa mai nasara tana tabbatar da tantancewa kawai kuma babu wani abu. Gwada albarkatun da aikin ya wanzu don isa gare shi, da ka'idarsa da ɗan gajeren lokaci, kuma ambaci matakin a cikin saƙon gazawa. Bayanan martaba, takaddun shaida da bayanan shiga da aka adana da ake gani a tebur ɗinka na iya zama ganuwa ga zaman sabis, don haka gudanar da aikin sau ɗaya a ƙarƙashin asusun mai tsarawa kafin ka amince da shi.

Iyakance sake gwadawa. Madauki da ke maimaita bayanan shiga da aka ƙi yana kulle asusu, kuma tambayar MFA ba za ta iya amsa ta aikin marar kai ba tare da ƙirar rajista ba; sake gwadawa da rubutu a kan kwararar SSO na burauza yana ƙone yunƙuri kawai. Fi son kayan aikin VPN da MDM ke bayarwa ko bayanin martabar daidaitawa ga ƙungiyar jiragen ruwa, inda dandamali ke mallakar zagayowar rayuwar bayanan shiga, kuma riƙe rubuce-rubuce ga abokan cinikin da ba za a iya sarrafa su haka ba.

Yi rikodin lambar fita da albarkatun farko da ya kasa, ba gaskiyar cewa rubutun ya gudu ba. Wannan layi ɗaya ne ke mai da sanarwar mai tsarawa bincike na minti biyar.

Labarai masu alaƙa