ADB da na’urar kwaikwayo ta Android suna kasawa bayan VPN: hanyoyi uku
Gano ADB, katin cibiyar sadarwa na kama-da-wane na na’urar kwaikwayo da mai warware sunan uwar gida suna kasawa daban-daban bayan VPN. Gwada kowace hanya bi da bi kafin ka zargi ramin.
Ka haɗa VPN na ofis kuma Android Studio ya rasa na’urar kwaikwayo da ke gudana, adb start-server ya tsaya, kuma wayar hannu ta Wi-Fi ta fita daga jerin na’urori. Kamar ana toshe samfuri ɗaya da rami ɗaya. A zahiri hanyoyi uku daban-daban suna kasawa ta hanyoyi uku: gano na’urorin adb, cibiyar sadarwar kama-da-wane ta na’urar kwaikwayo da mai warware sunan uwar gida. Ramin yawanci yana da na ƙarshe kawai, kuma sau da yawa wani ɓangare ne kawai.
Sockets uku, masu shi uku
Sabar adb tana saurara a tashar 5037 a uwar gida kuma tana magana da na’urori ta USB ko TCP, tare da mDNS don gano cibiyar sadarwa. Na’urar kwaikwayo tana gudana bayan nata na’urar hanya ta kama-da-wane: baƙo shine 10.0.2.15, ƙofarta 10.0.2.2 kuma sabar DNS ɗinta 10.0.2.3, kuma tsarin na’urar kwaikwayo yana juya duk waɗannan zuwa sockets na uwar gida. Mai warware sunan uwar gida shine wurin da abokin ciniki VPN ke saka DNS da yankunan bincike.
Wannan rabuwa tana bayyana me ya sa gyara yake aiki ga kayan aiki ɗaya ba ga wani ba. Abokin ciniki da ke canza mai warware sunan uwar gida yana barin tsarin na’urar kwaikwayo da yanayin da ya karanta a farkon. Abokin ciniki da ke tace multicast yana karya ganowa ba tare da taɓa DNS ba. Abokin ciniki da ke tace masu daidaita na kama-da-wane yana hana na’urar kwaikwayo yayin da burauzar uwar gida ke ci gaba da aiki. Kowace alama tana da dalili daban, don haka gano hanyar da ta kasa kafin ka canza kowane saiti.
Fara da abin da adb ke iya gani
Gudanar da adb devices kafin ka taɓa VPN. Jeri mara komai matsala ce ta jigila, ba ta hanya ba, kuma babu saitin rami da zai gyara na’urar da sabar ba ta taɓa lissafa ba. Sake kunna sabar da tsabta: da farko adb kill-server sannan adb start-server, kuma karanta fitarwa don ganin wace tasha ta riƙe. Idan farawar da kanta ta tsaya, gano mDNS shine wanda ake zargi a cibiyar sadarwa da ke tace multicast; hanyar da aka rubuta ita ce a kunna sabar da ganowa a kashe:
ADB_MDNS_OPENSCREEN=0 adb start-server
adb devicesGa na’urar ta zahiri USB ita ce hanya mafi guntu. Idan kana buƙatar TCP, saka na’urar a yanayin saurara da adb tcpip 5555 kuma haɗa da adireshin na’urar da tasharta, adb connect 192.0.2.10:5555. Tashar 5037 ita ce tashar sabar uwar gida, ba tashar da na’urar ke saurara ba.
Gwada na’urar kwaikwayo daga ciki
Na’urar kwaikwayo tana amsa DNS daga 10.0.2.3, kuma tsarin uwar gida ne ke ciyar da wannan mai warware. Idan abokin ciniki VPN ya canza mai warware sunan uwar gida na’urar kwaikwayo na iya gado; idan abokin ciniki ya tace tsarin na’urar kwaikwayo ko jerin masu daidaita na uwar gida ya canza bayan an fara, ba za ta iya ba. Raba su biyu da maƙasudin lamba da suna daga shell ɗaya. adb shell ping -c 2 10.0.2.2 yana tabbatar da cibiyar sadarwar kama-da-wane ta isa gefen uwar gida. Binciken suna bayan haka yana nuna ko warwarewar ta ketare iyaka.
Sannan gudanar da binciken suna ɗaya a uwar gida. Uwar gida ta warware amma na’urar kwaikwayo ba ta warware yana nufin karyewa tsakanin mai warware sunan uwar gida da cibiyar sadarwar kama-da-wane ta na’urar kwaikwayo, ba cikin ramin ba. Duka biyu sun kasa yana nufin mai warware sunan uwar gida shine wurin dubawa. Sake kunna na’urar kwaikwayo bayan an haɗa VPN ya cancanci gwaji ɗaya, domin wasu abokan ciniki suna saka yanayin mai warware da tsarin na’urar kwaikwayo mai gudana ba ya ɗauka.
Duba mai warware sunan uwar gida da matatun abokin ciniki
Abokin ciniki na cikakken rami yana maye gurbin mai warware sunan uwar gida da nasa, kuma abokin ciniki na split-DNS yana ƙara yankunan bincike da masu tura na sharadi. Sunaye na ciki sau da yawa sun dogara da wannan tsarin split-DNS, don haka duba abin da uwar gida ke amfani da shi yayin da ake haɗe: adireshin mai warware, yankin bincike da ko an tura yankin ciki zuwa DNS na kamfani. Mai warware da ke amsa sunaye na jama’a amma ba na ciki ba tambaya ce ta manufa, ba ramin da ya lalace ba.
Wasu abokan ciniki na kamfani kuma suna toshe zirga-zirga daga masu daidaita na kama-da-wane. Ga direban tacewa na’urar kwaikwayo tana kama da mai daidaita na kama-da-wane, don haka uwar gida na iya aiki daidai yayin da manufa ta hana na’urar kwaikwayo. Wannan manufar ba a ganinta daga tashar aiki, kuma hasashen saitunan wakili ba zai bayyana ta ba. Idan uwar gida tana warware kuma an toshe na’urar kwaikwayo ko da menene saitunan mai warware, haɓakawa daidai ita ce zuwa ƙungiyar da ke da manufar abokin ciniki.
Tsari na dubawa da abin da kowace sakamako ke nufi
Yi aiki daga sama zuwa ƙasa kuma tsaya a jeri na farko da ya kasa. Kowace sakamako tana nuni ga mai shi daban, kuma babu ɗaya da ake gyara ta sake shigar da Android Studio.
| Result | Likely owner | Next check |
|---|---|---|
| adb devices is empty with USB attached | USB, driver or adb server | cable, authorization prompt, adb kill-server |
| adb start-server hangs | mDNS discovery | ADB_MDNS_OPENSCREEN=0 |
| Emulator reaches 10.0.2.2, names fail | Host resolver to emulator boundary | host lookup of the same name |
| Host resolves, emulator still fails | Emulator process or client filter | restart emulator, ask IT about virtual adapters |
| Both fail for internal names only | Split DNS or search domain | resolver and zone configuration |
Jeri biyu na ƙarshe ne kawai tambayoyin VPN a ma’anar da aka saba, kuma na ƙarshe ne kawai ya shafi abun cikin DNS. Takardun adb sun ƙunshi tashar sabar da canjin yanayi da aka ambata a nan, wanda ya isa a riƙe gefen jigila da gaskiya yayin da kake gwada sauran.